Primerjava električne aktivnosti mečnih mišic pri dvigih na sprednji del stopala ob zmanjšani podporni ploskvi : magistrsko delo

Peterka, Boštjan (author), Dolenec, Aleš (mentor)

Plantarna fleksija je izrednega pomena v vsakdanjem življenju, saj je osnovno gibanje pri hoji, teku in dvigih na sprednji del stopala. Vadbo plantarne fleksije uporabljamo za povečanje velikosti sile in moči plantarnih fleksorjev, prav tako se jo uporablja kot del rehabilitacijskega programa po poškodbi Ahilove tetive. Namen magistrskega dela je raziskati vključevanje mišic goleni pri dvigih na prste ob zmanjšani podporni ploskvi pri športno aktivnih posameznikih. Raziskava je zajemala 21 merjencev, ki so sodelovali prostovoljno. Merili smo dvig na sprednji del stopala ob zmanjšani podporni površini na medialni in lateralni strani. Merili smo EMG signal mišic, ki smo ga normalizirali na MVIC. Rezultati so pokazali šest statistično pomembnih razlik med nevtralno podprtim sprednjim delom stopala notranje glave dvoglave mečnične mišice v primerjavi z lateralno in medialno podprtim delom sprednjega dela stopal. Statistično večja razlika je bila pri aktivaciji notranje glave dvoglave mečnične mišice pri medialni podpori sprednjega dela stopala v primerjavi z lateralno podprtim sprednjim delom stopala. Statistično pomembna razlika je bila tudi pri zunanji glavi dvoglave mečnične mišice med nevtralno in lateralno podprtim delom sprednjega dela stopala. Pri isti mišici je razlika tudi v aktivaciji mišice pri medialno in lateralno podprtim sprednjim delom stopala. Podobno se je dogajalo pri veliki mečnični mišici, ki se bolj aktivira, ko je sprednji del stopala podprt nevtralno, kot če je podprt lateralno. Prav tako se velika mečnična mišica bolj aktivira pri medialno podprtem sprednjem delu stopala, kot če je stopalo podprto na lateralnem delu. Zaključimo lahko, da podpora sprednjemu delu stopala ne vpliva na aktivacijo mečničnih mišic. Dvigi na sprednji del stopala ob zmanjšani podporni površini niso smiselni, saj se notranja in zunanja glava dvoglave mečnične mišice pri medialno in lateralno podprtem delu sprednjega dela stopala aktivirata v manjši meri kot pri nevtralni podpori sprednjemu delu stopala.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: plantarna fleksija, mišice goleni, dvigi na sprednji del stopala, aktivacija mišic
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117784
• COBISS.SI-ID: 26431747
• Publication date in RUL: 26.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of electrical activity of calf muscles during lift in the anterior part of the foot with reduced support area

Abstract

Plantar flexion is very important in everyday life activities. It is a base for walking, runing and lifts on the anterior part of the foot. We use plantar flexion exercise for increasing the magnitude of the force and power of plantar flexors. It is also used as part of a rehabilitation program after an Achilles tendon injury. The purpose of our resarch is to investigate the involvement of the calf muscles in lifting on the toes at a reduce support area in sport active individuals. Research included 21 voluntary subjects. We measured the rise on the anterior part of the foot at a reduce support area on the medial and lateral side. We also measured muscle EMG signal, which was normalized to MVIC. Results show us six statistically significant differences between the neutrally supported anterior part of the foot of the caput mediale musculi gastrocnemii, compared to the laterally and medially supported anterior part of the foot. There was a statistically significant difference in muscle activation for caput mediale musculi gastrocnemii between medially and laterally supported anterior part of the foot, bigger activation was at medially supported anterior part of the foot. Difference was also found in the caput laterale musculi gastrocnemii between neutrally or laterally supported anterior part of the foot. In the same muscle, there is also a difference in muscle activation between medially and laterally supported anterior part of the foot. A similar differences were found in activation of musculus soleus. Musculus soleus is more activated when anterior part of the foot is supported neutrally than if it is laterally and it is also more activated when anterior part of the foot is medially supported than if it is supported laterally. We can conclude that the support of the anterior part of the foot does not affect the activation of calf muscles. Lifting to the anterior part of the foot at a reduced support surface does not make a difference beacuse caput mediale and caput laterale of musculus gastrocnemius are less activated when medially or laterally supported then when anterior part of the foot is neutrally supported.

• Keywords: plantar flexion, calf muscles, lifts on the anterior part of the foot, muscle activation