Evolution is a scientific area of biology. It is very interesting, but also complex, which is why many students and sometimes teachers struggle to understand it. Teaching about evolution is a difficult task, as is learning about it. Many researchers tried to determine the level of insight into human evolution among primary and secondary school students. What they discovered was a severe lack of understanding. The aim of this master thesis was to establish the familiarity with the subject among third year secondary school students in Slovenia. The focus was on the amount of information, the presence of misconceptions and the difference in knowledge between male and female students. Two hundred and nineteen students were included in the study. They had all finished the third year of secondary school. The conclusion was that their understanding of evolution was satisfactory, if slightly better among male students. The misconceptions were mostly related to the development of modern man in connection to the Neanderthal. Some of the misconceptions were related to the misunderstanding of the time and place modern man and the Neanderthal belonged to, some also to religion. We were also interested to see if the students in our research would do better than those in previously conducted studies. The students filled out an online questionnaire, while previous studies were carried out in the classroom. The students doing the online questionnaire achieved better results than the primary and secondary school students from previous studies.
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