Razlogi za zavrnitev priznanja in izvršitve tuje arbitražne odločbe

Strmole, Neža (author), Kramberger Škerl, Jerca (mentor)

Arbitraža je postopek alternativnega reševanja sporov med fizičnimi ali pravnimi osebami, prav tako pa je tudi način reševanja sporov med državami. Podlaga za reševanje spora pred arbitražo, ki ne predstavlja državnega organa, temveč predstavlja alternativni mehanizem reševanja sporov, je sklenjen arbitražni sporazum med strankami ali arbitražna klavzula v pogodbi. Predmet arbitražnega sporazuma je lahko vsak premoženjskopravni zahtevek ali zahtevek, glede katerega se stranke lahko poravnajo. Avtonomija strank v postopku pred arbitražo je ena glavnih značilnosti arbitraže, saj postopek temelji na svobodni volji strank. Odločitev arbitražnega tribunala, sestavljenega iz strokovnjakov, je arbitražna odločba, katere pravni učinek je izenačen s pravnomočno sodno odločbo. Arbitražna odločba je lahko domača ali tuja. Vsaka tuja arbitražna odločba mora biti v Sloveniji najprej priznana in šele nato je lahko izvršena. Za priznanje in izvršitev tujih arbitražnih odločb se uporablja Konvencija o priznavanju in izvrševanju tujih arbitražnih odločb, t. i. Newyorška konvencija, na katero napotuje tudi 42. člen Zakona o arbitraži. Postopek priznanja in izvršitve poteka po pravilih postopka, ki velja na ozemlju države, kjer se zahteva priznanje. V magistrski nalogi sta predstavljena razloga nearbitrabilnosti spora in kršitev javnega reda države, v kateri teče postopek za priznanje in izvršitev tuje arbitražne odločbe, na katera pazi sodišče po uradni dolžnosti. Nato pa so podrobno opisani še razlogi za zavrnitev priznanja in izvršitve tuje arbitražne odločbe, ki jih lahko uveljavlja stranka, kot so: nesposobnost strank ali neveljavnost arbitražnega sporazuma po merodajnem pravu, nemožnost sodelovanja stranke v postopku, nepristojnost arbitražnega tribunala, nepravilna sestava arbitražnega tribunala ter neveljavnost arbitražne odločbe ali njena razveljavitev v kraju izdaje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: arbitraža, arbitražni postopek, arbitražna odločba, tuja arbitražna odločba, Newyorška konvencija, razlogi za zavrnitev priznanja in izvršitve tuje arbitražne odločbe
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117655
• COBISS.SI-ID: 23901699
• Publication date in RUL: 18.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards

Abstract

Arbitration is a mode of alternative dispute resolution between natural or legal persons, and it is also a way of resolving disputes between countries. The basis for resolving a dispute in arbitration, which does not include a state body, but an alternative dispute settlement mechanism, is an arbitration agreement between the parties or an arbitration clause in the contract. The subject of the arbitration agreement may be any property claim or a claim in respect of which the parties may settle. Autonomy of the parties in the arbitration proceedings is one of the main features of arbitration, as the procedure is based on the free will of the parties. The decision of the arbitral tribunal, composed of experts, is an arbitral award of which legal effect is equivalent to a final court decision. The arbitral award can be domestic or foreign. Every foreign arbitral award must first be recognized in Slovenia and only then can it be enforced. For the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, the so-called New York Convention, has to be applied, to which Article 42 of the Arbitration Act also refers. The procedure for recognition and enforcement is governed by the rules of procedure applicable in the country where recognition is sought. This master's thesis first presents the grounds for refusal which the court verifies on its own motion: the non-arbitrability of the dispute and the violation of public policy of the country in which the procedure for recognition and enforcement of a foreign arbitral award is underway. Thereafter, the grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement of a foreign arbitral award that may be invoked by a party are detailed, such as: the incapacity of the parties or the invalidity of the arbitration agreement under applicable law, the lack of possibility for the party to participate in the proceedings, the lack of jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal, the improper composition of the arbitral tribunal, and the invalidity of the arbitral award or its annulment at the place of issue.

• Keywords: arbitration, arbitration procedure, arbitral award, foreign arbitral award, the New York Convention, the grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards