Materialna bilanca ogljika v elektroobločni peči

Filipič, Filip (author), Knap, Matjaž (mentor)

V diplomskem delu sta za dve različni tehnologiji izdelave jekla 51CrV4 predstavljeni materialni bilanci ogljika in energijski bilanci elektroobločne peči. Jeklo 51CrV4 je vzmetno jeklo z relativno visoko vsebnostjo ogljika. Izdelali smo ga po dveh različnih postopkih, ki se razlikujeta v količini dodanega antracita v elektroobločno peč. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kateri izmed postopkov je ugodnejši in primernejši. V teoretičnem delu je najprej opisan proces proizvodnje jekla v elektroobločni peči, od izbire vložka do taljenja in metalurških procesov, ki v peči potekajo. Sledi opis naogljičevalcev jeklene taline z njihovimi fizikalno-kemičnimi lastnostmi. Predstavljena je tudi teorija izračuna masne in energijske bilance elektroobločne peči. V eksperimentalnem delu sta predstavljena oba postopka izdelave jekla 51CrV4 v elektroobločni peči; standardni in testni s povečanim dodatkom antracita. Podani so rezultati kemičnih analiz vzorcev jekla, ki so bili odvzeti ob raztalitvi vložka, tik pred prebodom in po začetni homogenizaciji v ponovčni peči. Vzorčene in kemično analizirane so bile tudi žlindre obeh šarž; vzorci so bili odvzeti po raztalitvi in pred prebodom. Za standardni in testni postopek smo izračunali materialno in energijsko bilanco. Rezultati kemičnih analiz taline in žlinder ter materialne in energijske bilance so prikazani v obliki tabel in grafov. Iz te predstavitve se jasno vidijo razlike med izdelavo jekla 51CrV4 po dveh različnih postopkih. Na osnovi podatkov zbranih v okviru diplomskega dela lahko sklepamo, da je uporaba novega, testnega postopka izdelave jekla 51CrV4 energijsko in ekonomsko neupravičena.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: jeklo 51CrV4, ogljik, materialna bilanca, energijska bilanca
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117498
• COBISS.SI-ID: 26795779
• Publication date in RUL: 14.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Material balance of carbon in the electric arc furnace

Abstract

The diploma work presents the material balance of carbon and the energy balance of the electric arc furnace for two different technologies of the production of 51CrV4 steel. 51CrV4 is a spring steel with a relatively high content of carbon. It has been produced in two different ways that differ in the addition of anthracite to the electric arc furnace. The goal of the diploma was to find out, which of the technologies of production is cheaper and more suitable. In the theoretical part we describe the process of steel production, from choosing the scrap, to melting and other metallurgical processes that occur in the furnace. Following is the description of carburizers with their physical and chemical properties, along with the theory of mass and energy balance calculations for the electric arc furnace. The two different technologies of producing 51CrV4 are presented in the experimental part of the diploma: the standard and the test process with a larger addition of anthracite. The results of the chemical analysis of steel are given for samples taken when the scrap has completely melted, before the tapping and after the homogenization in the ladle furnace. The slag samples were taken when the scrap was melted and before tapping. The material and energy balance was made for the standard and test process. The results of the chemical analysis of steel and the slag along with the material and energy balances are shown graphically and in tables, which clearly shows the differences between the two technologies of producing 51CrV4 steel. Based on the information from the diploma we can conclude that the new, test process of the production of 51CrV4 steel is neither economically nor energetically efficient.

• Keywords: 51CrV4 steel, carbon, material balance, energy balance