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Pregled klinično pomembnih farmakokinetičnih in farmakodinamičnih interakcij med etanolom in zdravilnimi učinkovinami
ID Ahec, Tjaša (Author), ID Peterlin Mašič, Lucija (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Uvod: Pri sočasnem uživanju etanola in zdravilnih učinkovin lahko prihaja do medsebojnega delovanja (interakcij). Področje mehanizmov interakcij med etanolom in zdravilnimi učinkovinami še ni povsem natančno raziskano. Namen: Namen naloge je pregled klinično pomembnih farmakokinetičnih in farmakodinamičnih interakcij med etanolom in zdravilnimi učinkovinami, s poudarkom na interakcije pri starostnikih. Cilj naloge je sestaviti priporočila za souporabo etanola in določenih zdravilnih učinkovin. Metode: Uporabljen je bil pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature s področja interakcij med etanolom in zdravilnimi učinkovinami v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Iskanje člankov je potekalo z naslednjim iskalnim profilom: »drugs AND (alcohol OR ethanol) AND interactions« in omejitvami: raziskave, izvedene na ljudeh, pregledni članki, sistematični članki in metaanalize v obdobju 2014–2020. Klinično pomembnost interakcij smo povzeli po klasifikaciji, ki jo uporablja internetna podatkovna zbirka Drugs.com. Rezultati in razprava: V pregledu literature smo obravnavali 4 pregledne članke in v pregled klinično pomembnih farmakokinetičnih in farmakodinamičnih interakcij med etanolom in zdravilnimi učinkovinami vključili 64 zdravilnih učinkovin. Do klinično pomembnih farmakokinetičnih interakcij prihaja samo na nivoju absorpcije in metabolizma, kjer se spremeni farmakokinetika etanola oziroma zdravilnih učinkovin. Prisotnost etanola pri določenih zdravilnih učinkovinah (acitretin, metilfenidat, karisoprodol) vpliva na nastanek metabolitov, ki spremenijo delovanje zdravilnih učinkovin na organizem. Pri farmakodinamičnih interakcijah etanol največkrat ojača zaviralno delovanje zdravilnih učinkovin, ki delujejo na centralno živčni sistem. Veliko starostnikov zaradi souporabe etanola in zdravilnih učinkovin kaže povečano tveganje za ortostatsko hipotenzijo, krvavitve in povečano sedacijo. Posledično so bolj dovzetni za padce in zlome. Sklepi: S poznavanjem mehanizmov interakcij in zbranimi priporočili za souporabo etanola in določenih zdravilnih učinkovin bi lahko prispevali k preprečevanju oziroma zmanjševanju števila potencialnih interakcij in se izognili neželenim učinkom interakcij.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:etanol, zdravilne učinkovine, farmakokinetične interakcije, farmakodinamične interakcije, starostniki
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Organization:FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
Year:2020
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-117477 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:11.07.2020
Views:1110
Downloads:352
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Overview of clinically relevant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of ethanol with drugs
Abstract:
Introduction: Interactions between ethanol and drugs may occur with the concurrent use of ethanol and drugs. Mechanisms of interactions of ethanol with drugs have not been studied as thoroughly. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to present an overview of clinically relevant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of ethanol with drugs, with focus on elderly. The aim of the thesis is to create recommendations for concomitant use of ethanol and certain drugs. Methods: A review of the scientific and professional literature about interactions of ethanol with drugs in PubMed database was conducted. The search was performed with following search profile: »drugs AND (alcohol OR ethanol) AND interactions« and limits: Humans, Review, Systematic Review and Mety-Analysis in period 2014–2020. The clinical significance of the interactions was summarized according to the classification used by the Drugs.com Internet database. Results and discussion: We included 4 review articles in our overview of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of ethanol with drugs and we selected 64 drugs as clinically relevant. Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions occur only at the level of absorption and metabolism, where the pharmacokinetics of ethanol and/or drugs are altered. The presence of ethanol with certain drugs (acitretin, methylphenidate, carisoprodol) affects the formation of metabolites that alter the action of drugs on organism. In pharmacodynamic interactions, ethanol most often potentiates the inhibitory effect of drugs acting on the central nervous system. A large number of elderly, due to the concomitant use od ethanol and drugs, show an increased risk of orthostatic hypotension, bleeding and increased sedation which can lead to falls and fractures. Conclusion: By knowing the mechanisms of interactions and with recommendations for concomitant use of ethanol and certain drugs, we could contribute to the prevention or reduction of the number of potential interactions and avoid the side effects of interactions.

Keywords:ethanol, drugs, pharmacokinetic interactions, pharmacodynamic interactions, elderly

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