This thesis presents the concept of revolution in the mind of the Marxist theorist Rosa Luxemburg. It shows how the understanding of revolution is socially and politically conditioned. The concept is first discussed through a study of Marxism, a political-philosophical direction that understands revolution as the necessity by which the active class of the proletariat achieves a way out of the traditional socioeconomic relations of capitalism and the transfor- mation of the system. Such a (unique) power of revolution is also emphasized by the theory of Rosa Luxemburg. This is particularly evident in the rejection of the alternative idea of revisionism (evolutionary socialism), which only presupposes reformist action. As it is shown in the thesis, the work of Rosa Luxemburg provides us insight into the thinking of a theorist, marked by practice and experience. October Revolution in 1917 and German Revolution in 1918 and 1919 are two revolutionary practices on which Luxemburg theorized and defined the understanding of revolution, activity through which the proletariat can take power and achieve the socialization of society.
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