Vpliv štiritedenskega vadbenega programa na traku na ravnotežje : diplomsko delo

Zrnec, Karmen (author), Rugelj, Darja (mentor), Puh, Urška (reviewer)

Uvod: Primerno ravnotežje ni pomembno samo za ohranjanje stabilnosti drže, temveč omogoča varno gibanje v dejavnostih vsakdanjega življenja. Vadba na traku je vadba za ravnotežje na ploščati najlonski vrvi, ki je vpeta med dve močni oporni točki. Omogoča veliko možnosti za stopnjevanje težavnosti vaj in široko paleto gibalnih vzorcev, ki se jih lahko naučimo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, ali štiritedenski program vadbe na traku vpliva na izboljšanje ravnotežja pri mladih zdravih odraslih ter ali je izboljšanje ravnotežja specifično za nalogo. Metode dela: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 15 preiskovancev v starosti med 18 in 28 let. V štirih tednih se je vsak izmed preiskovancev udeležil 12 vadb. Pred in po zaključku vadbenega programa smo izmerili sposobnost zadrževanja ravnotežja s testom stoje na eni nogi na pritiskovni plošči v treh različnih pogojih: stoje na eni nogi na trdi podlagi z odprtimi in zaprtimi očmi ter stoje na eni nogi na mehki podlagi z odprtimi očmi, in s testom stoje na eni nogi na traku. Pri meritvi na traku smo gibanje obeh nog spremljali z okoli gležnjev nameščenima pospeškometroma. Rezultati: Pri meritvah na pritiskovni plošči po izvedbi vadbenega programa na traku v nobenem od testnih pogojev ni prišlo do statistično pomembnega izboljšanja časa stoje na eni nogi (p>0,05). Prav tako pri gibanju središča pritiska ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik. Pri vzdrževanju ravnotežja na eni nogi na traku je prišlo do statistično pomembnega podaljšanja časa stoje na eni nogi na traku (p=0,003) in zmanjšanja pospeškov na stojni nogi pri stoji na traku (p=0,023), medtem ko pri pospeških proste noge ni bilo pomembnih sprememb. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo izboljšanje ravnotežja pri gibalnih nalogah na traku, ki zahtevajo dinamične prilagoditve ravnotežja. Pri nalogah, ki imajo poudarjeno statično komponento ravnotežja, ni bilo sprememb. Ker raziskave kažejo, da preiskovanci, ki vadijo na traku, motnje ravnotežja uravnavajo z gibi prostih udov in ker so pri večini raziskav, ki preučujejo učinek vadbe na traku na ravnotežje, uporabljeni testi, ki od preiskovancev zahtevajo statičen položaj rok, so potrebne nadaljnje raziskave o vplivu vadbe na traku na ravnotežje, ki bi prenos na druge ravnotežne naloge preučile z dinamičnimi ravnotežnimi testi, ki preiskovancem dopuščajo prosto gibanje udov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, hoja po vrvi, trak, stabilnost stoje, gibanje središča pritiska
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Brecelj]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 25 str., [25] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-117236
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 21434371
• Publication date in RUL: 03.07.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of four-week slackline training on balance : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Adequate balance is not only important for maintaining stability, but it also enables safe movement during activities of daily life. Slacklining includes maintaining balance during various tasks on a flat nylon rope that is clamped between two strong support points. It offers many options for increasing the difficulty level, and a wide range of movement patterns can be learnt on it. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to ascertain whether a four-week slackline training program can influence the improvement of balance in healthy young adults, and if the improvement of balance is task-specific. Methods: A four-week slackline training program was carried out with 15 subjects between the ages of 18 and 28. In this period, each subject participated in 12 sessions. Before and in the end of the program, the ability of keeping balance during four balancing exercises was measured: three exercises included standing on the dominant leg on the force plate; one exercise included standing on the dominant leg on the slackline while an accelerometer was attached to the subjects' ankles. Results: After a four-week slackline training program, no statistically significant improvement of the dominant-leg balancing time (p>0,05) was noted under any test conditions in exercises that included standing on the force plate. No statistically significant difference was noted in movement of the centre of pressure on the force plate. A statistically significant improvement (p=0,003) was noted in keeping balance on the dominant leg on the slackline. A decrease of acceleration on the support leg while on slackline was noted (p=0,023). Discussion and Conclusion: A task-specific improvement of balance after a four-week slackline training program was determined. New research shows that the subjects increasingly rely on free body segments for keeping balance during slackline training sessions. Most studies that study the effect of slackline training on balance use tests that require the subjects to hold their arms statically. Thus, further research on the influence of the slackline workout on balance that includes dynamic tests with subjects' free arm movement is needed.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, slacklining, slackline, stability, movement of the centre of pressure