Uporaba metod in tehnik v delovnoterapevtskem procesu pri osebah z demenco : diplomsko delo

Černi, Tamara (author), Galof, Katarina (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Demenca je vzrok pojava nezmožnosti in nesamostojnosti pri starostniku. Starostniki, ki jih prizadene demenca, se vsakodnevno soočajo s fizičnimi in duševnimi izzivi, kot so nesposobnost opravljanja vsakodnevnih aktivnosti, ki jim bistveno poslabšajo kakovost življenja. Delovni terapevti ne zaustavijo napredovanja bolezni, ampak s pomočjo ustreznih izbranih pristopov le vplivajo na ohranjanje samostojnosti in izboljšanje kakovosti življenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, katere najpogostejše metode in tehnike dela uporabljajo delovni terapevti pri obravnavi oseb z demenco in kakšen je njihov vpliv na osebe z demenco. Metode dela: Pri izdelavi diplomskega dela je bil uporabljen sistematični pregled literature s pomočjo modela PRISMA. Iskanje je potekalo s ključnimi besedami demenca, delovna terapija, strategije ali intervencije, nefarmakološke strategije ali intervencije. V analizo je bilo uporabljenih 6 člankov. Iskanje literature je potekalo v bazah podatkov DiKUL, BMC, SAGE Journals in J-Stage. Rezultati: Pri izvajanju terapije s spominjanjem (reminiscence therapy), vključene v aktivnost, je prišlo do zmanjšanja znakov depresije, izvajanje fizičnih aktivnosti, dnevnih aktivnosti in okupacij je izboljšalo ali ohranilo spretnost izvedbe aktivnosti, kuhinjski program vpliva na kognitivno funkcioniranje, duševno zdravje in kakovost življenja ter vključevanje skrbnikov osebe z demenco v delovno-terapevtsko obravnavo izboljša njihove fizične, čustvene in socialne težave, s katerimi se soočajo. Podrobni rezultati raziskav so zbrani in predstavljeni v tabeli. Razprava in zaključek: V tem pregledu literature so se uporabljene tehnike in metode izkazale kot učinkovite strategije uporabljene v delovno-terapevtski obravnavi. Potrebne so nadaljnje študije z večjim vzorcem pregledanih strokovnih člankov za določitev najboljših praks pri izvajanju učinkovite delovno-terapevtske obravnave pri osebah z demenco in ugotoviti njihov vpliv na le-te.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, demenca, nefarmakološke strategije, metode, tehnike
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Černi]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-116848
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 19557379
• Publication date in RUL: 13.06.2020

ČERNI, Tamara, 2020, Uporaba metod in tehnik v delovnoterapevtskem procesu pri osebah z demenco : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana  : T. Černi. [Accessed 11 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=116848

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The methods and techniques used in occupational therapy process in people with dementia : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Dementia is the cause of inability and dependency on others in the elderly. Elderly people affected by dementia face physical and mental challenges on a daily basis, such as the inability to perform daily activities that significantly impair their quality of life. Occupational therapists do not stop the progression of the disease, they only influence the maintenance of independence and improvement of the quality of life with appropriate chosen approaches. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work was to find out what are the most common methods and techniques of work used by occupational therapists in the treatment of people with dementia and their impact on people with dementia. Methods: In a systematic literature review, PRISMA model was used in the preparation of the thesis. The search was conducted with the keywords dementia, occupational therapy, strategies or interventions, non-pharmacological strategies or interventions. There was 6 articles included in the analysis. The literature search was conducted in the databases DiKUL, BMC, SAGE Journals and J-Stage Results: The implementation of reminiscence therapy included in the activity reduced the signs of depression, physical activities, daily activities and occupations improved or maintained the ability to still perform the activities, the kitchen program affects cognitive functioning, mental health and improve quality of life. The involvement of carers of a person with dementia in occupational therapy treatment improves their physical, emotional and social problems they are facing. Detailed results of researches are summarized and presented in the table. Discussion and conclusion: Used techniques and methods in this literature review have been proven to be effective strategies used in occupational therapy. Further studies with a larger sample of research articles are needed to identify best practices in occupational therapy to be effective for people with dementia and to determine their impact on them.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, dementia, non-pharmacological strategies, methods, techniques