Simulacija vodnega udara v dograjeni hidroelektrarni Tonstad na Norveškem : magistrsko delo

Mauko, Gašper (author), Četina, Matjaž (mentor), Knoblauc, Helmut (co-mentor), Richter, Wolfgang (co-mentor)

Tematika naloge so prehodni pojavi v cevovodih visoko tlačnih hidroelektrarn. Glavni poudarek je na modeliranju vodnega udara na obstoječi norveški elektrarni Tonstad. Prvi del naloge opisuje fizikalno ozadje pojava ter sisteme za obvladovanje le tega v hidravličnih sistemih elektrarn. Prav tako je predstavljeno tudi orodje za numerično modeliranje prehodnih pojavov v tekočinah, ki je uporabljeno v drugem delu naloge. Na koncu prvega dela je opisana elektrarna Tonstad, ki je obravnavana v nadaljevanju. Drugi del naloge prikazuje rezultate simulacij z numeričnim programom LVTrans. Veliko pozornosti je posvečeno umerjanju modela, ki je izvedeno v nekaj korakih. Trenje, varnostni ventili in vodostani so umerjeni posamezno, ker je pričakovano da imajo značilen vpliv. Umerjen model je v nadaljevanju uporabljen za analizo vpliva povečane proizvodnje energije na povečanje tlaka v dovodnem cevovodu. Povečanje moči je doseženo z višjim pretokom. V takih pogojih je simulirana zasilna zaustavitev z več različnim nastavitvami krmilnika in varnostnega ventila.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: hidroelektrarne z visokimi padci, prehodni pojavi, simulacija vodnega udara, metoda karakteristik, LVTrans, Francisova turbina, varnostni ventil
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Publisher: [G. Mauko]
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-116627
• UDC: 622.515:626/627(043.3)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 22362883
• Publication date in RUL: 30.05.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Water hammer simulation for Tonstad HPP upgrade : master thesis

Abstract

The thesis focuses on the water hammer phenomena in the hydraulic conduits of the Norwegian high head hydropower plant Tonstad and a potential discharge upgrade. The first part of the thesis describes physical background of the water hammer occurrence and the systems to control it in the hydraulic conduits of the power plant. The 1D-numerical software LVTrans for the numerical modelling of the hydraulic transients is described. The second part of the thesis shows results of the 1D-numerical simulations. Attention is devoted to the calibration of the model, which is performed in several steps. The friction in the pipes, the pressure relief valves and surge tanks are calibrated separately. The calibrated model is further used to investigate the influence of the increased pressure in the hydraulic conduits, in case of load rejection event due to power production upgrade. The power increase is reached with higher discharge in the power water way resulting in lower water level in the surge tanks. During these conditions, emergency closure with several governor settings and pressure relief valve settings is simulated.

• Keywords: high head hydropower, transient hydraulics, water hammer simulation, method of characteristics, LVTrans, Francis turbines, safety valves