Introduction: Feeling pain is an experience that relates to an individual and is objectively difficult to evaluate. Particularly vulnerable are children who are even more difficult to define pain due to their lack of verbal and cognitive abilities. This requires a multidisciplinary, team-based approach where communication with the child's parents who know him best is also important.. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma paper is to present the pain of children in emergency medical care and the role of the nurse in relieving it through literature review. Methods: The diploma thesis used a descriptive method of work, namely review of scientific and professional, foreign and domestic literature. The following databases were used to search the literature: COBIB.SI, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library; accessible via remote access at the Digital Library of the Faculty of Health, University of Ljubljana. We used only accessible full texts in Slovenian, Croatian and English. Results: Several types of pain are known, divided into acute and chronic pain, and pain in connection with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is also important in emergency medical care. As not all children know how to describe the pain they experience, the impact of pain and the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and its effect on various organ systems need to be known, as these help us to identify the pain objectively. In addition, different standardized scales are used for recognition. Different degrees of pain are treated differently. Milder non-pharmacological, in severe cases this is combined with medication, and for the worst, only medicines are used. Many times, opioid analgesics are selected for treatment, so we need to know their effects and the side effects that we are trying to avoid or mitigate. Discussion and conclusion: The nurse works with the rest of the staff on the health team. Its recognition and treatment of pain and recognition of the effects of treatment are the elements on which the quality of the patient's treatment depends.
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