Primerjava učinkov vadbe proti uporu in aerobne vadbe pri osebah s kronično nespecifično bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Hafner, Lara (avtor), Kacin, Alan (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (komentor), Hlebš, Sonja (recenzent)

Uvod: Kronična nespecifična bolečina v spodnjem delu hrbta je eden izmed največjih povzročiteljev nezmožnosti na svetu. Predstavlja veliko ekonomsko in družbeno breme. Stanje se obravnava z uporabo protibolečinskih sredstev, masažo, fizikalno terapijo, kognitivno-vedenjsko terapijo, informacijami o samopomoči, psihološkimi intervencijami in s terapevtsko vadbo. S slednjo vplivamo na zmanjšanje bolečine in nezmožnosti, izboljšamo kakovost življenja, mišično zmogljivost in delovanje posameznika. Katera izmed vrst vadbe je pri tem najučinkovitejša, ni znano. Nekateri avtorji zagovarjajo učinkovitost vadbe proti uporu, drugi pa učinkovitost aerobne vadbe. Namen: Namen diplomske naloge je bil na podlagi pregleda literature ugotoviti učinke vadbe proti uporu in aerobne vadbe na zdravstveno stanje oseb s kronično nespecifično bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo je bilo narejeno z metodo pregleda literature. Iskanje je potekalo s pomočjo dveh podatkovnih baz, PubMed in PEDro. Angleško literaturo smo iskali s ključnimi besedami. Pri izboru literature smo upoštevali vključitvene in izključitvene kriterije. Rezultati: V raziskavo smo vključili sedem raziskav. V štirih raziskavah so preučevali učinke vadbe proti uporu, v dveh učinke aerobne vadbe in v eni učinke vadbe proti uporu in aerobne vadbe. Največ statistično pomembnih sprememb je bilo opaznih pri zmanjšanju bolečine in nezmožnosti ter izboljšanju kakovosti življenja. Bolečina se je zmanjšala v treh intervencijah vadbe proti uporu in v dveh aerobne vadbe. Nezmožnost se je izboljšala v štirih intervencijah vadbe proti uporu in v treh aerobne vadbe. Kakovost življenja se je izboljšala v treh raziskavah, ki so vključevale vadbo proti uporu in v dveh, ki sta vključevali aerobno vadbo. Spremembe so bile opazne tudi pri zmanjšanju strahu, psiholoških simptomov in izboljšanju mišične zmogljivosti pri obeh skupinah. Razprava in zaključek: Obe vrsti vadbe sta primerni za obravnavo oseb s kronično nespecifično bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta. V učinkih in učinkovitosti med njima ni pomembnejših razlik. Zato za obravnavo oseb s kronično nespecifično bolečino v spodnjem delu hrbta priporočamo obe vrsti vadbenih terapij, pri tem pa sledimo načelu individualizacije vadbenega programa. Smiselno bi bilo, da bi v naslednjih raziskavah med seboj primerjali učinke in učinkovitost aerobne vadbe, vadbe proti uporu in intervencijo, ki bi obsegala obe vrsti vadbene terapije.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, kronična nespecifična bolečina v spodnjem delu hrbta, vadba proti uporu, aerobna vadba
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [L. Hafner]
• Leto izida: 2020
• Št. strani: 29 str., [1] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-116092
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 15212035
• Datum objave v RUL: 14.05.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Comparison of the effects of resistance training and aerobic training on persons with chronic non-specific low back pain - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Chronic non-specific low back pain is one of the main reasons for disability in the world. It causes economical and societal burden. It is treated with using painkillers, massage, physical treatment, cognitive-behavioural therapy, information about self-help, psychological interventions and exercise therapy. Exercise therapy is believed to reduce pain, disability, improves quality of life and muscle strength. But we don’t know what type of exercise is the most efficient. Some experts claim that aerobic exercise is the best and others say that resistance type of exercise predominates. Purpose: The purpose of the review was to compare effects of resistance and aerobic training on persons with chronic non-specific low back pain. Methods: The method that we used was literature review. We searched two data basis, PubMed and PEDro. English literature was searched by using keywords. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered when searching the literature. Results: Seven studies were analysed in this review. Four of them investigated effects of resistance training, two aerobic training and one both of them. Reduction in pain and disability and improvement in quality of life were most statistically significant changed parameters. Pain was reduced in three resistance training and two aerobic training interventions. Four interventions of resistance training and three aerobic training showed reduction in disability. Quality of life improved in three resistance training and two aerobic training interventions. We also noted improvement in fear, psychological symptoms and muscle strength. Discussion and conclusion: Results showed that both types of exercise are suitable for treating people with chronic non-specific low back pain. The differences in effects and effectiveness between both types of exercises are minimal. Therefore we recommend the use of both types of exercise when treating persons with chronic non-specific low back pain. We also recommend individualizing exercise program to each patient separately. It would also be reasonable to investigate and compare the effects of resistance training, aerobic training and a combination of both of them.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, chronic non-specific low back pain, resistance training, aerobic training