Vpliv žledoloma na preživetje dreves in nastanek lesa na primeru bukve in smreke : magistrsko delo - 2. stopnja

Habjan, Primož (author), Merela, Maks (mentor), Čufar, Katarina (comentor)

Po ţledolomu 2014 je v gozdovih ostalo veliko poškodovanih, a ţivih dreves. Ker znanja o dogajanju v poškodovanih drevesih primanjkuje, smo v Arboretumu Volčji Potok izvedli raziskavo na drevesih, ki so v ţledolomu utrpela poškodbo krošnje. Izbrali smo 14 bukev in 12 smrek, jih razvrstili v 4 razrede glede na stopnjo poškodovanosti krošnje (K % nepoškodovana, A % do 50 %, B % med 50 in 75 %, C % več kot 75 % poškodovana krošnja), v dvotedenskih intervalih na njih odvzemali mikroizvrtke z orodjem Trephor in opazovali spremembe v krošnjah. Iz mikroizvrtkov smo pripravili mikroskopske preparate lesa, kambija in skorje in jih analizirali s svetlobnim mikroskopom in sistemom za analizo slike. Poškodovanost krošnje ni vplivala na čas olistanja pri bukvi in pojav mladih poganjkov pri smreki. Bukve so revitalizirale svoje krošnje različno uspešno ne glede na stopnjo poškodbe krošnje. Smreke še niso revitalizirale svojih krošenj. Poškodovane bukve so proizvedle od 20 do 95 %, poškodovane smreke pa 35 % oţje ksilemske branike kot nepoškodovane. Manjši je bil tudi prirastek floema. Produkcija lesa se je v poškodovanih bukvah začela in zaključila prej kot v nepoškodovanih, na drugi strani se je v poškodovanih smrekah začela kasneje in zaključila prej kot v nepoškodovanih. Izmed štirih razredov poškodovanosti so se pri bukvi največje razlike v kambijevi aktivnosti pokazale med razredoma A in B, pri smreki pa med razredoma K in A.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: bukev, Fagus sylvatica, smreka, Picea abies, žledolom, poškodbe krošnje, nastajanje lesa, kambij
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [P. Habjan]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: X, 83 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115251
• UDC: 630*811.13+630*423.3:176.1Fagus sylvatica:174.7Picea abies(043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4456102
• Publication date in RUL: 21.04.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of ice storm on survival of trees and wood formation in european beech and norway spruce

Abstract

After the severe ice storm of 2014 a high number of damaged trees were not removed from forests. Due to lack of general knowledge about processes occurring in damaged trees, a study involving 14 European beech and 12 Norway spruce trees was conducted in Arboretum Volčji Potok. Trees were categorized by crown injury; injury class K % undamaged, A % damaged less than 50 %, B % damaged between 50 and 75 % or C % damaged more than 75 %. During the 2014 growth season microcores were collected every fortnight using a Trephor tool. Changes in crowns were also observed and noted. Transverse sections of microcores were prepared and observed using light microscopy and a picture analysis system. Crown injury had no effect on leaf unfolding date in beech and young sprouts occurrence in spruce. Success of crown restoration in beech differed from tree to tree regardless of severity of crown injury. No crown restoration was seen in spruce. On average, xylem rings were 20 to 95 % narrower in damaged beech trees and 35 % narrower in damaged spruce trees compared to the undamaged trees. Damaged trees also produced narrower phloem rings. In damaged beech trees xylogenesis started and finished sooner than in undamaged ones. On the other hand xylogenesis started later and finished sooner in damaged spruce trees compared to the undamaged ones. The biggest differences in cambial activity in beech appeared between class A and class B, and in spruce between class K and class A.