Proučevanje vpliva padajočega kamenja v varovalnem gozdu na Ljubelju : diplomsko delo - univerzitetni študij

Rebernik, Jernej (avtor), Diaci, Jurij (mentor)

Nad cesto, ki vodi do predora Ljubelj, so številni izvori kamenja, ki jo ogrožajo. Izločeni in popisani so bili poligoni z lastnosti terena in gozdni sestoji. Postavljenih je bilo 61 raziskovalnih ploskev, na katerih so bila popisana vsa živa drevesa s prsnim premerom večjim od 1,27 cm. Delež bukve v lesni zalogi je znašal 71 %, smreke 22 % in gorskega javorja 3 %. Porazdelitevdreves glede na debelinsko stopnjo je nakazovala negativno eksponentno porazdelitev, če je bila upoštevana samo bukev pa zvonasto, ki je nezaželena z vidika zagotavljanja trajnih varovalnih učinkov gozda. Priporočenje bil posek starejših bukovih dreves in s tem pospeševanje pomlajevanja. Območja ogroženosti zaradi padajočega kamenja so bila določena z računalniškima programoma Rockyfor3D, Rockfor.NET in metodo senčnega kota (funkcija Viewshed v programu ArcMap). Proučeno je bilo tudi, kako se ogroženost ceste spremeni, če so uporabljeni različni scenariji v simulacijah (brez gozda, gozd brez tras žičnega spravila, gozd z dejanskimi trasami, gozd s poševnimi vrzelastimi trasami, gozd s trasami po padnici terena in prebiralni gozd). Bilo je ugotovljeno, da med različnimi scenariji z gozdom ni bistvenih razlik, so pa razlike v velikosti ogroženih območij glede na uporabljeno metodo. Analize s programom Rockyfor3D upoštevajo največ dejavnikov in so najzahtevnejše, vendar dajejo najbolj zaupanja vredne rezultate.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: padajoče kamenje, naravne nevarnosti, varovalna funkcija, zaščitna funkcija, gospodarjenje z varovalnimi gozdovi, trase žičnega spravila lesa, Rockyfor3D, Rockfornet, senčni kot, simulacijski model, Ljubelj
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [J. Rebernik]
• Leto izida: 2013
• Št. strani: VIII, 71 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115178
• UDK: 630*26
• COBISS.SI-ID: 3720614
• Datum objave v RUL: 15.04.2020

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Rock fall hazard assesment of protection forest on Ljubelj

Izvleček

The road that leads to Ljubelj tunnel is threatened by numerous rock sources that lie above. A detailed delineation and description of terrain characteristics polygons and forest stands were performed. 61 sample plots were set up, on which all living trees with DBH above 1,27 cm were measured. Observed share of beech in growing stock was 71 %, spruce 22 % and sycamore maple 3 %. Frequency distribution of tree species by diameter class indicated negative exponential distribution. If only beech trees were considered the distribution changed to bell shaped, which is undesired regarding long-term protection function. Cutting of older beech trees and with that promotion of regeneration is recommended. Areas of rock fall hazard were determined using computer programs Rockyfor3D, Rockfor.NET and method of shadow angle (functionViewshed in ArcMap program). Assessment was done of how the endangerment of the road changes if different scenarios are used (forest without cable crane lines, forest with present cable crane lines, forest with cable crane lines positioned diagonal to the slope direction and gape type cutting, forest with cable crane lines that follow the slope direction and plenter forest). Results showed that there are no significant differences between different scenarios with forest, but there are differences in size of endangered areas depending on the used method. Analysis with program Rockyfor3D considered more factors and was more difficult, but gave us more trust worthy results.