Spolni dimorfizem kranjske kozje češnje (Rhamnus fallax Boiss.) v Julijskih Alpah : diplomsko delo - univerzitetni študij

Kolman, Matjaž (author), Brus, Robert (mentor)

Kranjska kozja češnja (Rhamnus fallax Boiss.) je značilna kalcifilna in pionirska grmovna vrsta. Razširjena je od jugovzhodnega obrobja Alp po Balkanskem polotoku vse do Grčije in Bolgarije. Cilji raziskave so bili ugotoviti razmerje med spoloma v populacijah, obstoj morfološke variabilnosti, vpliv okoljskih dejavnikov na variabilnost vrste in obstoj morebitnega spolnega dimorfizma. Izbrali smo si 6 vzorčnih ploskev na območju Julijskih Alp. V raziskavo smo zajeli 600 grmov. Od teh smo naključno izbrali 180 grmov, s katerih smo nabrali 1407 listov. Rezultati so pokazali, da je bil delež moških osebkov na vseh preučevanih ploskvah večji od deleža ženskih. Delež moških osebkov v populaciji se je povprečno gibal okoli 55 %, delež ženskih osebkov okoli 40 %, nedoločenih osebkov je bilo okoli 5 %, z nadmorsko višino pa se je njihov delež zmanjševal. Izvedli smo hierarhični poskus, da bi prikazali vpliv posameznih dejavnikov (višinskih pasov, ploskev, spolov, grmov) na variabilnost proučevanih znakov. Na skupno variabilnost listov je imel največji vpliv položaj znotraj grma, na skupno variabilnost grmov pa razlike med grmi. Na variabilnost listov in grmov je najmanj vplival spol. Povprečne vrednosti znakov za ženske in moške osebke smo analizirali z metodo glavnih komponent. Velikost listov je bila na prvih 4 ploskvah precej podobna, le pri ploskvah 5 in 6, ki sta bili na bolj izpostavljeni legi, se je velikost listov zmanjšala. Spolni dimorfizem vrste se v tej raziskavi ni močno izrazil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Rhamnus fallax Bioss., kranjska kozja češnja, spolni dimorfizem, morfometrijska analiza, Julijske Alpe
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Kolman]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: VII, 48 f., [2] f. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-115155
• UDC: 630*1(043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4364966
• Publication date in RUL: 15.04.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Sexual dimorphism of Rhamnus fallax Boiss. in Julian Alps

Abstract

Rhamnus fallax Boiss. is a distinctive calciphyte and pioneer species. It ranges from southeastern outskirts of Alps throughout the Balkan Peninsula to Greece and Bulgaria. The goals of this study were identification of the sex ratio of the sampled populations, existence of morphologic variability, influence of environmental factors on variability and occurrence of eventual sexual dimorphism in this species. We have chosen 6 populations in the area of Julian Alps. We analyzed 600 shrubs. Of these, we randomly selected 180 specimens from which we gathered 1407 leaves for morphometric analysis. Sex ratio was male biased on all 6 populations. On average, there were around 55 % males, 40 % females and the sex determination was not possible on 5 % of the shrubs. We carried out the hierarchical test to demonstrate the impact of individual factors (altitudinal belt, population, sex, specimen) on the variability of the measured characteristics. The greatest influence on the overall variability of leaves came from the intra-specimen level and the greatest influence on the overall variability of shrubs came from the specimen level. The gender had the weakest influence on leaves and shrubs variability. We used principal component analysis for determine average values of all characteristics for female in male plants. Leaves size on first 4 populations was pretty similar. The last two populations had smaller leaves because locations were more exposed. Sexual dimorphism was not clearly expressed in this study.