Spremembe socialnega ranga črede ob uvajanju nepoznanega konja

Otorepec Jager, Iris (author), Zupan Šemrov, Manja (mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati spremembe socialnega ranga črede, ob uvajanju nepoznanega konja. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih šest konj, ki so bili nastanjeni na isti kmetiji. Formirali smo štiri testne skupine. Štirje konji, ki so bili stari med 8 in 15 let, so predstavljali primarno čredo (testna skupina 1) in bili opazovani 10 dni. Nato smo v primarno čredo dodali nepoznanega konja, kastrata starega 17 let (testna skupina 2) in ga po 10 dneh odstranili, čredi pa dodali kobilo staro 15 let (testna skupina 3) in jo po 10 dneh odstranili. Dodatno vključena konja sta predstavljala nepoznana konja. Primarno čredo smo ponovno opazovali 10 dni na paši (testna skupina 4), z namenom, da preverimo ali se je socialni rang vzpostavil na raven pred mešanjem konj. V 10 dnevnih intervalih smo opazovali dolgotrajne ter kratkotrajne oblike obnašanja. Za izračun socialnega ranga smo uporabili tri metode; metodo po Schlichtingu, Bornemannu in Sambrausu. Rezultati so pokazali, da nobena izmed metod ni popolnoma ustrezala rezultatom opažene hierarhije med izvedbo poizkusa. Metoda, ki se je najbolj približala našim dobljenim rezultatom je bila metoda po Bornemannu in sicer v treh od štirih skupin. Rezultati so pokazali, da je bil socialni rang primarne črede stabilen v času opazovanja, kljub agonističnim interakcijam. To pomeni, da se socialni rang posameznega konja v primarni skupini ni spremenil ob uvedbi nepoznanega konja. Agonistične interakcije so bile po pogostosti najmanj pogoste v primarni čredi v primerjavi z testnima skupinama, ki sta vključevala nepoznanega konja. Agonističnih interakcij je bilo manj med višje rangiranimi konji v primerjavi z nižje rangiranimi. Nepoznani konj, kastrat ali kobila, sta zasedla zadnje mesto v socialni hierarhiji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: konji, obnašanje živali, etologija, socialni rang
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-114826
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18577155
• Publication date in RUL: 15.03.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Changes in social rank of the herd with the introduction of the unkonwn horse

Abstract

The aim B. Sc. Thesisi was to investigate changes in the social rank of six horses in the herd with the introduction of the unknown horse. The horses were housed on the same farm. We formed four test groups. Four horses between the ages of 8 and 15 represented the primary herd (test group 1) and were observed for 10 days. Then we added an unknown horse to the primary herd, castrate aged 17 (test group 2) who was removed after 10 days, and replaced him with mare age 15 (test group 3) a day after and observed the herd again for 10 days. After removing the mare, the primary herd was observed on the pasture for 10 days (test group 4), in order to look at whether or not the social rank has risen to the level before mixing the horses. At 10 daily intervals we observed long and short-term behaviours. We used three methods for calculate social rank, the method by Schlichting, Bornemann and Sambraus. The results showed that none of the methods completely corresponded to the results of the hierarchy observed during the experiment. The method that came closest to our results was the Bornemann method in three of the four groups. The results indicated that the social rank of horses in the primary herd was stable throughout the observations despite that we recorded some agonistic interactions between the horses. This means that the social rank of an individual horse in the primary group did not change upon the introduction of the unknown horse. The agonistic interactions in the primary herd were the least common when compared to the test groups of the unknown horse. Agonistic interactions were the least observed in higher ranked horses compared to lower ranked horses. An unknown horse, castrate or mare occupied the last place in the social hierarchy.

• Keywords: horses, animal behaviour, ethology, social rank