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Analiza zbranega odpadnega tekstila v zabojnikih Humane v Mestni občini Ljubljana z namenom povečanja učinkovitosti njegove uporabe : magistrsko delo
ID Škrajnar, Žana (Author), ID Griessler Bulc, Tjaša (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Ferfila, Nevenka (Co-mentor), ID Oder, Martina (Reviewer)

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Abstract
Uvod: Tekstilna industrija je druga največja onesnaževalka okolja, takoj za naftno industrijo. Deluje na skoraj popolnoma linearen način, od izdelave oblačil iz neobnovljivih naravnih virov do odpadnega tekstila, ki ga večina konča na odlagališčih ali v sežigalnicah. Nov pristop krožnega sistema tekstilne industrije si prizadeva, da bi tekstilna panoga od proizvodnje surovin do obdelave tekstilnega odpadka postala bolj trajnostna, z zmanjševanjem njenih negativnih vplivov na okolje in človeka. Namen: V magistrskem delu smo raziskali količine odpadnega tekstila, delež oblačil v teh odpadkih, ki jih v Mestni občini Ljubljana zbere podjetje Humana ter njihovo surovinsko sestavo z namenom razumevanja sistema ravnanja z odpadnim tekstilom ter s tem povezanih možnosti in ovir za recikliranje. Metode dela: Delo smo zasnovali na podlagi deskriptivne metode pri pregledu objav in pripravili nabor najboljših tehnoloških in netehnoloških pristopov za zmanjševanje količin tekstilnih odpadkov. V drugem delu raziskave smo opravili sejalno analizo odpadnega tekstila, zbranega v zabojnikih Humane na območju Mestne občine Ljubljana. Vzorčenje je potekalo 5 zaporednih mesecev. Vsak mesec smo iz celotne količine zbranih tekstilnih odpadkov odvzeli reprezentativni vzorec, katerega smo ločili na odpadna oblačila in ostali odpadni tekstil, ki smo ga pregledali glede na namen uporabe. Odpadna oblačila smo nadalje četrtinili do manjšega vzorca, v katerem smo nato določali surovinsko sestavo. Rezultati: Med vzorčenjem odpadnega tekstila smo ugotovili, da prevladujejo predvsem odpadna oblačila. Ostalega odpadnega tekstila je bistveno manj, prevladovali so predvsem čevlji, torbice in igrače. Med odpadnimi oblačili prevladuje mešana surovinska sestava. Najmanj oblačil je bilo izdelanih zgolj iz umetnih vlaken. Na osnovi rezultatov smo pripravili nabor najprimernejših postopkov in pristopov, ki preprečujejo izgubo materialne vrednosti tekstilnih izdelkov in bi jih bilo smiselno uvesti v poslovne procese podjetja Humana. Razprava in zaključek: Surovinska sestava odpadnih oblačil v zabojnikih podjetja Humana v Mestni občini Ljubljana je odvisna od sezonske menjave oblačil v gospodinjstvih ter starosti oblačil. V zabojnikih prevladujejo predvsem oblačila mešane surovinske sestave. Povečanje deleža odpadnih oblačil mešane surovinske sestave med tekstilnimi odpadki je posledica dodatka elastana. Za zmanjšanje količin odpadnega tekstila na odlagališčih in v sežigalnicah bi bilo smiselno nadgraditi poslovne procese podjetja Humana, predvsem pa spremeniti potrošniške vzorce prekomernega kupovanja.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, odpadni tekstil, tehnologije recikliranja, Mestna občina Ljubljana, Humana
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:[Ž. Škrajnar]
Year:2020
Number of pages:86 str., [6] str. pril.
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-114799 This link opens in a new window
UDC:614
COBISS.SI-ID:5786219 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:12.03.2020
Views:1446
Downloads:192
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The analysis of collected textile waste by Humana containers in the City of Ljubljana to increase the efficiency of their use : master thesis
Abstract:
Introduction: Textile industry is the second largest environmental pollutant right after oil industry. It works in an almost completely linear way, from making clothing from non-renewable natural sources, to waste textiles, of which the majority ends up in landfills or incinerators. The new approach of the circular system of the textile industry aims to make the textile industry more sustainable, reducing its negative environmental and human impacts, from raw material production to textile waste treatment. Purpose: In the master's thesis we investigated the quantities of textile waste, the share of clothing in this textile waste collected by the Humana company in the City of Ljubljana and their raw material composition in order to understand the textile waste management system, as well as the related possibilities and barriers to recycling. Methods: We designed the work on the basis of a descriptive method in reviewing publications and prepared a set of best technological and non-technological approaches for reducing quantity of textile waste. In the second part of the study, we performed a sieve analysis of textile waste collected in Humana containers in the City of Ljubljana. Sampling took place for 5 consecutive months. Each month, a representative sample was taken from the total amount of textile waste collected. The representative sample was first separated into waste clothing and other textile waste, which was examined for its intended use. The waste clothing was further quartered to a smaller sample in which the raw material composition was then determined. Results: During the sampling of textile waste we found that waste clothing is predominant in comparison to other textile waste. In other textile waste there were mainly shoes, handbags, and toys. Waste clothing is dominated by mixed raw material composition. The fewest garments were made from plastic-based fibers. Based on the results, we have prepared a set of practices and approaches that would best prevent the loss of material value of textile products and would make sense to introduce them into Humana's business processes. Discussion and conclusion: The raw material composition of waste clothing in Humana containers in the City of Ljubljana depends on the seasonal change of household clothing and the age of the garment. Containers are mainly dominated by garments of mixed raw material composition, The increase in the proportion of waste garments of mixed raw material composition among textile waste is due to the addition of elastane. In order to reduce the amount of textile waste at landfills and incinerators, it would make sense to upgrade Humana's business processes and, above all, to change consumer patterns of over-buying.

Keywords:master's theses, sanitary engineering, textile waste, recycling technologies, City of Ljubljana, Humana

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