Background: The most common overuse shoulder injuries in volleyball are tendinitis, instability, internal impingement syndrome, subacromial impingement syndrome, secondary or classic impingement syndrome, and subscapular neuropathy. The aim of the literature review is to present most common risk factors for overuse shoulder injuries among volleyball players. Methods: The literature review was performed using electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. All available studies published until 2013 were included in the review. Results: Risk factors for overuse shoulder injuries in volleyball are gender, age, load, previous injury, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, imbalanced shoulder strength, SICK scapular syndrome. Other risk factors are also the anterior shoulder position, jump service and previous injuries. Range of the internal rotation of volleyball players is mostly decreased, whilst the range of external rotation is increased. Concentric and eccentric muscle strength of internal rotators is greater on the dominant shoulder as compared to non-dominant. Concentric muscle strength of external rotators on the dominant shoulder is lower in comparison with non-dominant shoulder. Strength ratio between eccentric external rotation and concentric internal rotation is rather low. Conclusion: Identifying risk factors are the key step in injury prevention.
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