Vpliv tehnologije gojenja na pridelek in morfološke lastnosti bazilike (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Veselič, Žiga (author), Slatnar, Ana (mentor)

V poskusu, ki je bil opravljen leta 2016 v bivalnem prostoru stanovanjske hiše, smo želeli preučiti možnost gojenja bazilike v vertikalnem sistemu. V poskus smo vključili 4 sorte bazilike ('Emily', 'Red Rubin', 'Piccolino' in 'Lemon'). Šest tednov stare sadike smo presadili v plastične lončke, ki smo jih napolnili s kokosovimi vlakni (po 4 rastline na lonček). Na koncu smo lončke s sadikami, po obravnavanjih, postavili v plavajoč sistem (9 lončkov = 36 rastlin/obravnavanje) in vertikalni sistem (9 lončkov = 36 rastlin/obravnavanje). Da bi ugotovili primernost vzgoje bazilike v vertikalnem sistemu smo pri rastlinah analizirali nekatere morfološke parametre (višino, število razvitih listov, dolžino in število stranskih poganjkov ter svežo in suho maso) in vsebnost L-askorbinske kisline. Pri merjenju višine nismo zaznali večjih posebnosti, saj so bile rastline dokaj izenačene v obeh sistemih gojenja. Na splošno so bile rastline, ki smo jih gojili na plavajočem sistemu večje od tistih v vertikalnem sistemu. Le pri sorti 'Red Rubin' so bile večje tiste rastline, ki smo jih gojili v vertikalnem sistemu (13,2 cm) v primerjavi s plavajočim sistemom (8,3 cm). Pri številu razvitih listov so bile rastline prav tako izenačene ne glede na tehnologijo gojenja, le pri sorti 'Piccolino' smo zabeležili nekoliko večje odstopanje (plavajoč sistem je imel v povprečju 173,8 razvitih listov, vertikalni sistem pa 113,2 razvitih listov). Tudi pri merjenju dolžine stranskih poganjkov in njihovem številu smo najboljše rezultate zabeležili pri sorti 'Piccolino'. Največji pridelek sveže mase smo ugotovili pri sorti 'Piccolino' vzgojeni v plavajočem sistemu (142,8 g), vendar so imele v povprečju rastline, vzgojene v vertikalnem sistemu, večjo svežo maso. Pridelek suhe mase je bil prav tako večji pri rastlinah, gojenih v vertikalnem sistemu, izjema je le sorta 'Emily' kjer smo dobili večji pridelek pri vzgoji na plavajočem sistemu. Meritve L-askorbinske kisline so pokazale, da so v povprečju največ L-askorbinske kisline vsebovale rastline, vzgojene na plavajočem sistemu ('Emily' 21,4 mg/100 g, 'Red Rubin' 16 mg/100 g, 'Lemon' 16 mg/ 100 g), vendar pa smo kljub temu največjo vrednost izmerili pri sorti 'Piccolino', vzgojeni v vertikalnem sistemu (30,6 mg/100 g).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Bazilika, hidroponika, mestno kmetijstvo, vertikalna vzgoja, plavajoč sistem
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [Ž. Veselič]
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113427
• UDC: 635.71:631.5(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9378169
• Publication date in RUL: 02.01.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The influence of cultivation tehnologies on the morphological caracteristics and yield of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Abstract

In an experiment conducted in 2016 in a living room of a dwelling house, we wanted to examine the possibility of cultivating sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in a vertical system, which we created in our direction. In the experiment, we included 4 varieties of sweet basil ('Emily', 'Red Rubin', 'Piccolino' and 'Lemon'). After six weeks, the seedlings were transplanted into the plastic pots, filled with coconut fibers (4 seedlings per sweet basil variety). Finally, we planted the seedlings by treatments in the floating system (9 pots = 36 seedlings/treatment) and the vertical system (9 pots = 36 seedlings/treatment). To determine the suitability of cultivating the sweet basil in the vertical system, we measured some morphological parameters (height, number of leaves developed, length and number of shoots, fresh and dry weight) and L-ascorbic acid content. No major peculiarities were detected when measuring the height as the plants were fairly uniform in both cultivation systems. In general, the plants grown on the floating system were higher than those in the vertical system. Only the 'Red Rubin' variety was higher in the vertical system (13,2 cm) compared to the floating system (8,3 cm). By the number of leaves developed, the plants were also equalized by cultivation technologies, with the exception of 'Piccolino' variety, where slightly greater deviations have been observed (floating system 173.8 medium-developed leaves, vertical system 113.2 medium-developed leaves). Even when measuring the length of the side shoots and their number, the best results were recorded with the 'Piccolino' variety. The highest yield of fresh mass was recorded in the 'Piccolino' variety, grown in the floating system (142,8 g), but on average the plants grown in the vertical system had a higher fresh mass. The dry weight yield was also higher for plants, cultivated in the vertical system, except for the 'Emily' variety, where we obtained a larger yield when cultivated on a floating system. L-acorbic acid measurements showed that, on average, the most of the vitamin C contained plants cultivated on a floating system ('Emily' 21,4 mg/100 g, 'Red Rubin' 16 mg/100 g, 'Lemon' 16 mg/100 g). Nevertheless, the highest value of L-ascorbic acid was recorded in the 'Piccolino' variety, grown in vertical system (30,6 mg/100 g).

• Keywords: Basil, hydroponics, urban agriculture, vertical gardens, floating systems