Dojenje in javnost : diplomsko delo

Koritnik, Neža (author), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor), Kusterle, Mateja (co-mentor)

Uvod: Dojenje je najbolj optimalen način hranjenja dojenčka, saj mu ne predstavlja samo hranjenja, temveč mu nudi ugodje in občutek varnosti. Ima tudi pomembno vlogo pri vzpostavljanju odnosa med materjo in otrokom. Za mamo je v času dojenja zelo pomembno vključevanje v družbo, saj smo ljudje socialna bitja. Vendar pa se pri vključevanju v družbo lahko pojavi problem hranjenja otroka v primeru dojenja, če imajo ljudje predsodke do dojenja v javnosti. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pregled literature, povezane s predsodki o dojenju, in z odzivom ljudi na dojenje v javnosti ter predstavitev vpogleda na situacijo v Sloveniji. Metode dela: Teoretični del temelji na deskriptivni metodi dela. Predstavljena je obstoječa znanstvena in strokovna literatura, ki obravnava predsodke, povezane z dojenjem, in mnenje družbe o dojenju v javnosti. Iskanje literature je potekalo s pomočjo podatkovnih baz: Science Direct, PubMed, Cochrane Library in mrežnika Google Učenjak. Empirični del temelji na kavzalno-neeksperimentalni metodi dela. Uporabljen je bil anketni vprašalnik, sestavljen iz 17 vprašanj. Anketa je bila objavljena na spletnem portalu 1KA in deljena preko družbenih medijev. Rezultati: Anketo je ustrezno izpolnilo 137 oseb (108 žensk in 29 moških). Splošni predsodki o dojenju med anketiranci niso prevladovali, z izjemo predsodka, ki se nanaša na to, da bi ženske v javnosti otroka morale podojiti v posebnem, temu namenjenemu prostoru. Glede na razlikovalne kriterije (spol, bivalno okolje in starost) imajo odklonilen odnos do dojenja v javnosti ženske, anketiranci, ki živijo na vasi ter anketiranci v starostni skupini od 45 do 59 let. Manj kot polovica anketirancev se zaveda vpliva mnenja javnosti na odločitev matere glede dojenja v javnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Večina anketirancev v naši raziskavi ima manj predsodkov in bolj pozitiven odnos do dojenja v javnosti kot anketiranci v tujih študijah. Ljudje se kljub promociji in ozaveščanju glede dojenja še vedno ne zavedajo, kako pomembno vlogo ima večinsko mnenje družbe pri odločitvah mater glede načrta hranjenja njihovih otrok. Rezultatov se ne more posplošiti na celotno populacijo, saj je bil vzorec anketirancev premajhen in ni bil enakomerno zastopan v vseh razlikovalnih kriterijih. Za relevantnost podatkov o stanju v slovenski javnosti bi bila potrebna nadaljnja obsežnejša raziskava, v kateri bi bili udeleženci enakomerno zastopani v vseh razlikovalnih kriterijih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: dojenje, družba, mnenje, predsodki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113366
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5759595
• Publication date in RUL: 22.12.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Breastfeeding and the public : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Breastfeeding presents an optimum way of feeding babies, as it does not offer them only a source of food, but also a source of pleasure and a feeling of safety. Furthermore, it plays an important role in establishing a relationship between the mother and the child. As we are social beings, inclusion into society plays an important role for the mother during the period of breastfeeding, and problems regarding breastfeeding may arise if the public has prejudice connected to breastfeeding. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is an overview of literature on prejudice connected to breastfeeding and public reaction towards breastfeeding in public, as well as to present an insight into the situation in Slovenia. Methods: Theoretical part of the thesis is based on the descriptive method. It presents the existing scientific and expert literature dealing with prejudice connected to breastfeeding and public opinion regarding breastfeeding in public. The literature search was done via these databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Empirical part of the thesis is based on the causal – nonexperimental method. The survey was conducted by a questionnaire consisting of 17 questions. The survey was published on the 1KA website and shared through social media. Results: The survey was correctly completed by 137 people (108 females and 29 males). General prejudices connected to breastfeeding were not observed among the surveyed population, with the notable exception of a prejudice stating that women should breastfeed their children in a separate, dedicated location. Based on distinguishing criteria (gender, living location and age) among the surveyed population, the negative attitude towards breastfeeding in public was observed among women, people living in villages and people aged 45–59. Less than half of the surveyed population is aware of the impact of public opinion on the decision of the mother regarding breastfeeding in public. Discussion and conclusion: Most of the surveyed population has less prejudice and more positive attitude to breastfeeding in public as surveyed population in studies conducted abroad. Despite promotional and informational activities regarding breastfeeding, people still do not fully comprehend the importance of public opinion on the decisions of mothers regarding the plans on feeding their children. The results should not be generalized to the entire population, as the survey sample was insufficient and not equally represented in all the distinguishing criteria. To get relevant data on the state of the public in Slovenia, there is a need for further and broader research which would include equal participation in all the distinguishing criteria.

• Keywords: breastfeeding, public, opinion, prejudice