Pojavnost in posledice anonimnih pisanj v slovenskem vzgojno-izobraževalnem sistemu

Škerlj, Gaja (author), Boštjančič, Eva (mentor)

Ravnatelji oz. vodje vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodov so odgovorni za ustrezno sodelovanje med vsemi vključenimi v proces vzgoje in izobraževanja. Njihovo delo je zelo raznoliko, med drugim del njihovih nalog predstavlja tudi soočanje z nepravilnostmi, na katera opozarjajo anonimni pisci. Namen raziskave je bil proučiti pojavnost in posledice anonimnih pisanj v slovenskem vzgojno-izobraževalnem sistemu. Ker področje še ni bilo znanstveno raziskano, smo na začetku izvedli kratko anketo med ravnatelji (N = 43) z namenom ugotavljanja pojavnosti omenjenih pisanj ter smiselnosti nadaljevanja poglobljene raziskave. Anketa je potrdila naša predvidevanja, zato smo nadaljevali s kvalitativno raziskavo s polstrukturiranimi intervjuji z 20 ravnatelji (15 % moških). V intervjujih smo spraševali po ravnateljevem splošnem mnenju o anonimnih pisanjih, konkretnih situacijah, doživljanju, posledicah in prejeti opori. Pri končni analizi smo uporabili kombinirano metodo. Ugotovili smo, da so ravnatelji pogosto izpostavljeni neutemeljenim in negativnim anonimnim pisanjem, za katerimi običajno stoji nekdo, ki je posredno ali neposredno vključen v vzgojno-izobraževalni proces ter ga je k pisanju spodbudilo lastno nezadovoljstvo ali osebni interes. V raziskavi so nas zanimale predvsem posledice omenjenih pisanj, za katere smo ugotovili, da so lahko kratkoročne ali dolgoročne ter so primerljive s posledicami nasilja na delovnem mestu. Prisotne so tako na nivoju posameznika kot celotne organizacije. Ravnatelji so se soočali s težavami oz. spremembami na področju zdravja, profesionalnega in privatnega življenja. Podobne posledice so opazili tudi znotraj preostalega kolektiva. Na organizacijskem nivoju so se spopadali s pedagoškim nemirom ter težavami s kadrom. Oporo so vsi vprašani našli med ravnatelji drugih zavodov, večina pa tudi znotraj ožjega kolektiva, medtem ko je bila opora s strani državnih ustanov v večini primerov neustrezna. Čustveno podporo so običajno poiskali v domačem okolju. Glede na to, da gre za širok spekter posledic, ki jih povzroči anonimno pisanje, bi bilo smiselno razmišljati o vpeljavi sprememb na več področjih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: anonimna pisanja, ravnatelji, nasilje na delovnem mestu, posledice, opora
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-112016
• Publication date in RUL: 20.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The appearance and consequences of anonymous writings in the Slovenian educational system

Abstract

Principals are responsible for managing everyone who is involved in the educational process. Part of their job is also solving irregularities, which are reported anonymously. The purpose of this research was to determine the occurrence and consequences of anonymous writings in the Slovenian educational system. This field has not been scientifically researched yet so it was decided to start with a short exploratory questionnaire. The goal of which was to determine the incidence of anonymous writing that principals (N = 43) are exposed to and if there is reasonable premise to conduct this research. The results confirmed our expectations, thus it was decided to continue with 20 semi-structural interviews (15 % male) where the principals were asked about their general opinion on anonymous writings, the actual situations, experiences, consequences and support. For final analysis mixed method was used. It has been discovered that principals are often exposed to anonymous writings, which are usually unfounded and negative. The anonymous authors are typically individuals who are somehow involved in the educational process and they often anonymously report errors because of their own dissatisfaction or for their own benefit. The consequences of anonymous writings can be short- or long-term and they can be comparable to the consequences of workplace violence. The consequences can be on both, individual and organizational level. Individuals exposed to anonymous writings face problems with health, further work, and private life. Anonymous writings also influence the whole organization which includes dealing with pedagogical disorder and problems in human resources. The principals often find support in other principals and in their closest team at work. The principals usually do not get adequate support from national institutions. Furthermore, a safe home environment is very important for emotional support. Taking into account the extent of the consequences caused by anonymous writings, changes in several areas should be considered.

• Keywords: anonymous writings, school principals, workplace violence, consequences, support