Izkušnje z naravo do dopolnjenega 12. leta starosti treh generacij

Dimič, Špela (author), Skribe-Dimec, Darja (mentor)

Stik z naravo je nujno potreben za razvoj, zdravje in dobro počutje otrok. Mnoge raziskave kažejo na to, da igra v naravi izboljšuje pozornost, koncentracijo, motivacijo, razvija domišljijo in kreativnost, obenem vpliva na boljše počutje in zmanjšuje stres. V naravi se otroci več gibajo, kar vpliva na zdravje in boljše motorične veščine. Včasih je bila igra v naravi glavna zaposlitev otrok, danes pa jo nadomeščajo sedentarne aktivnosti za štirimi stenami, kot so gledanje televizije, igranje računalniških in video iger itd. Otroci in mladostniki velik del časa preživijo v vzgojnoizobraževalnih ustanovah, ki so mogoče zadnja možnost, da otroke ponovno povežemo z naravo. To lahko storimo z več pouka na prostem, ki poleg tega, da učencem omogoča realne in pozitivne izkušnje z naravo, zagotavlja tudi kakovostno učenje. Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti, koliko izkušenj z naravo imajo današnji 12-letniki v primerjavi z izkušnjami njihovih staršev in starih staršev v času njihovega otroštva. Raziskavo smo izvedli s pomočjo vprašalnika, ki je vseboval seznam 50 dejavnosti, ki jih lahko izvedemo v naravi. Rezultati so pokazali, da imajo najmanj izkušenj z dejavnostmi v naravi prav učenci. Sledijo stari starši, največ izkušenj pa imajo starši. Največje spremembe z dejavnostmi v naravi med generacijami so pri »narediti nekaj iz praproti, listov ali vejic«, »izdelati in preizkusiti mlinček«, »izdelati piščal«, »posaditi seme in tisto, kar zraste, pojesti«, »nabrati in pojesti borovnice, robide ali jagode«, »utrgati in pojesti jabolko« ter »loviti kresničke« in »piskati na travo«. Učenci so imeli z dejavnostmi manj izkušenj kakor drugi dve generaciji. Imeli pa so več izkušenj z dejavnostmi v naravi, kot so »plavati v reki, jezeru ali morju«, »plavati pod vodo«, »splezati na visok hrib«, »približati se slapu in začutiti kapljice« ter »iskati pot s kompasom in zemljevidom«. Ugotovili smo tudi, da so učenci kar 81,7 % vseh dejavnosti izkusili doma in le 18,3 % v šoli ter da zgodnje izkušnje z dejavnostmi v naravi staršev vplivajo na izkušnje z dejavnostmi v naravi njihovih otrok.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: izkušnje z naravo
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111818
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12630089
• Publication date in RUL: 21.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Outdoor Experiences of Three Different Generations Aged up to 12 Years

Abstract

Being in touch with nature is essential for the development, health and well-being of children. Many studies indicate that playing in nature improves attention, concentration, motivation, it develops imagination and creativity while affecting well-being and reducing stress. In nature, children are more physically active, which affects health and improve motor skills. In the past, outdoor play was the primary activity of children, but today it is replaced by sedentary indoor activities, such as watching television, playing computer and video games, etc. Children and adolescents spend much of their time in educational institutions, which may be the last chance to reconnect children with nature. This can be achieved with more outdoor lessons that, in addition to providing students with real and positive experiences with nature, also provide quality learning. The purpose of the Master's thesis was to find out how much experience with nature 12-year-olds have in comparison to the experience of their parents and grandparents during their childhood. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire that contained a list of 50 activities that can be done in nature. It was based on a list »50 things to do before you’re 11 ¾«, which was created by a charity organization »National Trust«. Their main aim was to enable children first-hand experience with nature. The results showed that students have the least experience with activities in nature, while their parents have the most. The biggest changes with activities in nature between generations are “creating something from ferns, leaves or twigs, “make and test a grinder”, “make a flute”, “plant a seed and what it grows, eat”, “harvest and eat blueberries, blackberries or strawberries”, “pick and eat an apple”, “hunt for fireflies” and “scribble on grass”. The children had less experience with the activities in nature than the other two generations. However, they had more experience with activities in nature such as “swimming in a river, lake or sea”, “swimming underwater”, “climbing a high hill”, “approaching a waterfall and feel the drops”, and “find a way with a compass and a map”. We also found that children experienced as many as 81.7% of all activities out of school and only 18.3% at school, and that early experience with activities in nature of parents influences the experience of activities in the nature of their children.

• Keywords: Experience with nature