Merske značilnosti testa dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda in testa sesedanja sede - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Stopar, Simona (author), Hlebš, Sonja (author)

Uvod: Nevrodinamični testi so diagnostični postopki, s katerimi ocenjujemo mehaniko oziroma občutljivost živčevja na razteg in drsenje. Če je živec ali živčna korenina okvarjena zaradi kemičnih mediatorjev, poškodbe oziroma utesnitve, lahko normalni funkcijski gibi povzročijo ali izzovejo nevrološke znake in simptome. Najbolj pogosto uporabljena nevrodinamična testa spodnjega uda sta test dvig stegnjenega spodnjega uda in test sesedanja sede. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na podlagi pregleda literature predstaviti merske značilnosti nevrodinamičnega testa dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda in testa sesedanja sede. Metode dela: Raziskovalne članke v angleščini smo iskali v podatkovnih zbirkah CINAHL, PeDRO, PubMed in ScienceDirect. Pri iskanju smo uporabili naslednje ključne besede v angleškem jeziku: neurodynamic test [Title/Abstract] AND lower limb; reliability, validity [Title/Abstract] AND straight leg raise test, slump test; back pain [Title/Abstract] radiculopathy. Rezultati: Izsledki pregledanih raziskav kažejo na visoko do zelo visoko zanesljivost meritev dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda pri preiskovancih s simptomi in pri zdravih preiskovancih ter na nizko do srednjo stopnjo zanesljivosti testa sesedanja sede pri preiskovancih s simptomi. Test dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda je bil zmerno do visoko občutljiv pri preiskovancih s hernio medvretenčne ploščice, predvsem L5/S1, ter zmerno specifičen pri preiskovancih s hujšo obliko hernie medvretenčne ploščice kot test sesedanja sede. Test dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda je imel visoko stopnjo diagnostične natančnosti pri mlajših preiskovancih (16-25 let) ter je bil uporaben pri potrditvi predhodne diagnoze opravljene z različnimi diagnostičnimi metodami. Test sesedanja sede je imel visoko stopnjo občutljivosti pri preiskovancih z ekstruzijo medvretenčne ploščice ter pri preiskovancih s hernio medvretenčne ploščice, ki je povzročila subartikularno kompresijo živčne korenine. Razprava in zaključek: Test dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda je pokazal visoko zanesljivost testnih izidov, medtem ko avtorji pri oceni veljavnosti (občutljivost in specifičnost) izidov testa dviga stegnjenega spodnjega uda in testa sesedanja sede niso bili povsem enotni. V raziskavah bi bilo potrebno vključiti bolj natančna merilna orodja za določitev majhnih razlik v gibanju med različnimi položaji skočnega sklepa. Prihodnje raziskave bi lahko vključile večjo število preiskovancev za boljšo natančnost meritev merskih značilnosti nevrodinamičnega testa.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nevrodinamični test, mehanosenzitivnost, zanesljivost, veljavnost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111763
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5709419
• Publication date in RUL: 12.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Reliability and validity of straight leg raise test and slump test - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Neurodynamic tests are diagnostic procedures used to evaluate the mechanics or sensitivity of the nervous system to stretching and sliding. If the nerve or nerve root is damaged due to chemical mediators, injuries or constriction, normal functional movements may cause or induce neurological signs and symptoms. The most commonly used neurodynamic tests are the straight leg raise test and the slump test. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present, based on a literature review, the measurement charactheristics of the straight leg raise test and slump test. Methods: The CINAHL, PeDRO, PubMed and ScienceDirect scientific databases were consulted to find relevant literature for the thesis in Engish using the following keywords in English: neurodynamic test [Title / Abstract] AND lower limb; reliability, validity [Title / Abstract] AND straight leg raise test, slump test; back pain [Title / Abstract] radiculopathy. Results: Ten research studies were included in the analysis. The results of the reviewed studies reported high to very high reliability levels of straight leg raise test in symptomatic and healthy subjects, and low to medium reliability levels of the slump test in symptomatic subjects. The straight leg raise test was moderately to highly sensitive in subjects with herniated intervertebral discs, especially L5 / S1, and moderately specific in subjects with more severely herniated discs. The straight leg raise test had a high diagnostic accuracy in younger subjects (16-25 age) and was useful in confirming a previous diagnosis performed with different diagnostic methods. The slump test had a high sensitivity level in subjects with intervertebral disc extrusion and in subjects with herniated intervertebral discs that caused subarticular compression of the nerve root. Discussion and conclusion: The straight leg raise test showed high reliability of the measurements, while the authors did not quite agree on the validity (sensitivity and specificity) of the measurements of the straight leg raise test and slump test. Research studies should include more accurate measurement tools to identify small differences in movement between different positions of the ankle. Future research could include a larger number of subjects to more reliably determine the positive outcome of each test.

• Keywords: neurodynamic test, mechanosensitivity, reliability, validity