Primerjava ugotavljanja telesne dejavnosti otrok z objektivno in subjektivno metodo merjenja : magistrsko delo

Grbec, Gregor (author), Jurak, Gregor (mentor), Sember, Vedrana (comentor)

Telesno dejavnost lahko ocenimo s subjektivnimi metodami, kot so vprašalniki, ankete, intervjuji itd., ali jo izmerimo z objektivnimi metodami, kot so merilniki srčnega utripa, pospeškometri, pedometri itd. Raziskave s subjektivno metodo so veliko cenejše in lažje izvedljive, kot raziskave z objektivno metodo, vendar je veljavnost podatkov, pridobljenih s subjektivno metodo, vprašljiva. Zato smo se odločili, da preverimo, kakšne so razlike med subjektivno in objektivno metodo ugotavljanja telesne dejavnosti, pri čemer smo se še posebej osredotočili, ali obstajajo tovrstne razlike med otroki glede na delež maščevja v telesu. V raziskavi smo uporabili podatke 100 otrok, starih 11 let, ki so sodelovali v študiji ARTOS. Kot subjektivno metodo ocenjevanja telesne dejavnosti smo uporabili vprašalnik CLASS, ki so ga za otroke izpolnjevali njihovi starši oziroma skrbniki. Kot objektivno metodo pa smo uporabili napravo BodyMedia SenseWear Armband PRO 3, ki vsebuje dvoosni pospeškometer in več drugih senzorjev. Izkazalo se je, da starši močno precenjujejo čas, ki ga njihovi otroci preživijo zmerno do visoko intenzivno telesno dejavni, pri čemer smo mejo za to dejavnost postavili na 4 MET. Pri dečkih so starši ta čas v povprečju precenjevali za 42 %, pri deklicah pa za 40 %. Za ugotavljanje razlik med subjektivno in objektivno metodo glede na delež maščevja v telesu smo vzorec razdelili na kvartile. V prvem kvartilu so bili merjenci z najnižjim deležem maščevja v telesu, v četrtem pa merjenci z najvišjim deležem maščevja v telesu. Starši so v povprečju čas, ki ga njihovi otroci preživijo zmerno do visoko intenzivno telesno dejavni, z vsakim kvartilom bolj precenjevali. V prvem kvartilu za 27 %, v drugem za 34 %, v tretjem za 41 % in v četrtem za 69 %. Naši izsledki so pomembni za kritičen razmislek o preučevanju in spremljanju telesne dejavnosti otrok z vprašalniki, ki temeljijo na poročanju staršev. Še bolj pa o tem, da se izsledki tovrstnih študij uporabljajo za postavljanje in vrednotenje politik na tem področju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: telesna dejavnost, gibanje, otroci, vprašalnik, pospeškometer, veljavnost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111637
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5601201
• Publication date in RUL: 06.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of physical activity in children assessed by objective and subjective methods of measurement

Abstract

Physical activity can be assessed by subjective methods such as questionnaires, surveys, interviews, etc., or by objective methods such as heart rate monitors, accelerometers, pedometers, etc. Subjective methods are much cheaper and more affordable than objective methods, but the validity of their output is questionable. Therefore, we decided to examine the differences between the subjective and objective methods of assessing physical activity, with particular focus on whether there are such differences between children in terms of the body fat mass. The study used data from 100 children aged 11 who participated in the ARTOS study. As subjective method of physical activity assessment, we used the proxy-report CLASS questionnaire that was completed by parents. As objective method we used the BodyMedia SenseWear Armband PRO 3 device, which contains a two-axis accelerometer and several other sensors. The analysis showed that parents greatly overestimated the time their children spend in moderate to vigorous physical activity - setting the limit fort this activity at 4 MET. On the average, parents overestimated this time by 42% in boys and 40% in girls. To determine the differences between the subjective and objective methods in regard of body fat mass, the sample was divided into quartiles. The first quartile included the children with the lowest body fat mass and the fourth quartile the children with the highest body fat mass. With each quartile parents increasingly overestimated the time their children spend in moderate to vigorous physical activity. In the first quartile the parents overestimated that time by 27%, in the second quartile by 34%, in the third by 41% and in the fourth by 69%. Our findings are important for critical reflection on the study and monitoring of children's physical activity with questionnaires based on parental reporting. What is more, the findings of such studies are used to set and evaluate policies in this area.

• Keywords: physical activity, children, questionnaire, accelerometer, validity