In vitro reševanje genskih virov evropskega pravega kostanja (Castanea sativa Mill.), napadenega s kostanjevo šiškarico (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu)

Zagrajšek, Klara (author), Luthar, Zlata (mentor)

Kostanjeva šiškarica (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu) ogroža obstoj evropskega pravega kostanja (Castanea sativa Mill.) tako v Sloveniji kot tudi drugod po Evropi. Cilj naloge je bil s pomočjo in vitro tehnik razmnožiti in koreniniti 2 genska vira kostanja z oznakama P. in Š2, ki rasteta na območju Vipavske doline in jih rešiti propada. Za razmnoževanje poganjkov smo uporabili MS-1NO3 gojišče z dodatkom BAP (0,5 mg/L), ki se je izkazalo za oba genotipa kot zelo uspešno. Po razmnoževanju je sledila faza koreninjenja poganjkov na MS-1NO3 gojišču z različno koncentracijo avksinov IBA, NAA ali IAA in dodatki: sladkor (saharoza, glukoza in fruktoza) in kokosova voda. Odzivnost poganjkov na koreninjenje smo testirali s 15 gojišči in nobeno se ni izkazalo kot uspešno. Poleg koreninjenja smo na izbranih gojiščih spremljali tudi vitalnost poganjkov: število propadlih, vitrificiranih, z odmrlim vršičkom in poganjke z in brez kalusa. Po statistični analizi podatkov smo ugotovili, da med obema genskima viroma v opazovanih lastnostih ni značilnih razlik, so pa razlike med gojišči. Največ propadlih poganjkov je bilo na gojišču K4 (54 %). Na gojišču K11 je bilo največ poganjkov z odmrlim vršičkom (31 %), pri K15 pa je bilo največ vitrificiranih (33 %) poganjkov. Poganjkov s kalusom je bilo največ na gojišču K5 (23 %). Ugotovili smo, da imata največji vpliv na vitalnost poganjkov je njihova vrsta in pa koncentracija avksina.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: evropski pravi kostanj, kostanjeva šiškarica, mikropropagacija, regeneracija, poganjki, koreninjenje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [K. Zagrajšek]
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111521
• UDC: 631.532:634.53:57.085.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9315449
• Publication date in RUL: 02.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Title: IN VITRO RESCUE OF THE EUROPEAN CHESTNUT GENETIC RESOURCES (Castane sativa Mill.), ATTACKED WITH CHESTNUT GALL WASP (Dryocosmus kuriohilus Yasumtsu)

Abstract

Chestnuts gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu) is threatening the existence of the European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Slovenia and in Europe as a whole. The main goal of the assignment was to, via in vitro techniques, propagate and root two chestnut genes sources marked P. and Š2 and prevent their collapse. The chestnut gene source for material was harvested from trees growing in the Vipava Valley. MS-½NO3 medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg/L) was used to reproduce the shoots, which proved to be very successful in both genotypes. The propagation was followed by the rooting phase on MS-½NO3 medium with different concentrations of auxins IBA, NAA or IAA and additives: sugar (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and coconut water. The responsiveness of the shoots to rooting was tested with fifteen culture media and none proved successful. In addition to rooting, the vitality of shoots was monitored on selected media: the number of decayed, vitrified, with dead tips, and shoots with and without callus. After the statistical analysis of the data, we found no significant differences between the two gene sources in the observed traits, but there were significant differences between the media. The highest number of failed shoots was on K4 medium (54 %). K11 had the highest number of shoots with dead tips (31 %). Medium K15 had the highest number of vitrified shoots (33 %). Medium K5 formed the most callus shoots (23 %). We found that the species and concentration of auxin have the greatest influence on the vitality of the shoots.

• Keywords: european chestnut, gall wasp, micropropagation, regeneration, shoots, rooting