Simulacija procesa dohitevanja s pomočjo tehnološkega napredka v modelu gospodarske rasti : delo diplomskega seminarja

Pelhan, Miha (author), Redek, Tjaša (mentor)

Namen naloge je izpeljati in pojasniti model povečanja kapitalnih dobrin. Ta model sem v nadaljevanju še nekoliko nadgradil in s tem postavil v okolje, v katerem se tehnologija prenaša med državami. Na koncu pa sem glavne ugotovitve pri osnovnem modelu še simuliral v Matlabu in vanje vstavil še realne podatke, pridobljene s spleta. Skozi vse dele sem želel preveriti ali med državami prihaja do dohitevanj, ter dokazati ravnotežno rast in pokazati na podatkih, da se države ravnotežnemu stanju približujejo. Skozi teoretični del izpeljave osnovnega modela je bilo mogoče opaziti, da v njem nastopa veliko spremenljivk, ki vplivajo na gospodarsko rast. Glavne spremenljivke, ki sem se jim posvetil v simulaciji, so obseg zaposlitve, vlaganje v raziskave in razvoj ter število različic tehnologije na trgu. Poleg tega pa sem preveril še vpliv spremembe razmerja med kapitalom in delom na rast. Na koncu izpeljave sem dobil dva glavna rezultata: stopnjo gospodarske rasti ter stopnjo rasti potrošnje. Ob tem pa sem dobil še nekaj omejitev, ki morajo veljati da model drži. V simulaciji sem uspel ugotoviti, da tako v resnici, kot tudi skozi simulacijo modela prihaja do dohitevanja med razvitimi državami in državami v dohitevanju. Prav tako pa mi je uspelo pokazati, da se države približujejo nekemu ravnotežnemu stanju oziroma ravnotežni rasti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gospodarska rast, dohitevanje, dobrine, imitacija, raziskovanje in razvoj, vlaganje, ravnotežje, tehnološki napredek
• Work type: Final seminar paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109709
• UDC: 519.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18720601
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Simulation of the catch up process through technological progress in a model of economic growth

Abstract

In my paper, I intended to show and explain the model with an expanding variety of products. Then I further expanded it to set it into an environment, where there is a flow of good between countries. In the end, I took the main findings from the base model and simulated them in Matlab. I then found real-life data online and inserted it in the findings. Through this whole process, I tried to show that there is catch-up between countries as well as to prove the existence of steady-state growth and that countries are actually converging towards it. In the first, theoretical, part of my paper, it was evident that there are many variables, that have an influence on economic growth. The main variables that I paid special attention to in my simulation, are labour input, investment in research and development and the number of varieties of goods on the market. On top of that, I looked into the effects of the labour to capital ratio on growth. At the end of the theoretical part, I got two main results: growth rate of the economy and the gowth rate of consumption. During the this part, many restrictions appeared, that have to be taken into account, if the model is to be correct. In the simulation part of my paper, I was successful in proving that, in real life, as well as in the model, there is catch-up between developed and developing countries. I also managed to show that both types of countries are converging to a steady state and a steady state growth.

• Keywords: economic growth, catch up process, goods, imitation, research and development, investment, equilibrium, technological progress