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Vloga učitelja v procesu pomoči učencem, ki počasneje usvajajo znanja
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Ferenc, Vesna
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Kalin, Janica
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Abstract
Magistrska naloga obravnava vprašanje vloge učiteljev v procesu odkrivanja in obravnave skupine učencev s splošnimi učnimi težavami, ki počasneje usvajajo znanja, na različnih stopnjah petstopenjskega modela pomoči. V teoretičnem delu smo najprej opredelili splošne in specifične učne težave ter navedli temeljna načela pomoči učencem z učnimi težavami. Sledi predstavitev skupine učencev, ki počasneje usvajajo znanja, navedli smo nekaj priporočil za poučevanje te skupine ter priporočene prilagoditve. V nadaljevanju smo se posvetili modelom pomoči, najprej je naveden model odziva na obravnavo, ki je osnova za kasneje predstavljen petstopenjski model pomoči. Kakovostno in premišljeno diferenciran in individualiziran pouk predstavlja eno izmed pomembnih učiteljevih nalog, zato na kratko predstavimo glavne značilnosti učne diferenciacije in individualizacije, predvsem notranje. Dokument, ki se v največji meri približa individualizaciji, je izvirni delovni projekt pomoči. Predstavimo njegov pomen za učence z učnimi težavami ter njegovo vsebino. V nadaljevanju sledi poglavje, kjer opišemo vlogo učitelja pri pomoči učencem, ki počasneje usvajajo znanja. Na koncu teoretičnega dela opišemo učiteljevo sodelovanje s starši, šolsko svetovalno službo ter z učencem. V empiričnem delu predstavimo kvalitativno raziskavo. Izvedli in analizirali smo šest intervjujev z učiteljicami. Ugotovili smo, da intervjuvane v večini menijo, da je v procesu pomoči učencem, ki počasneje usvajajo znanja, izrednega pomena odnos, ki ga vzpostavijo z učencem. Poznavanje in razumevanje značilnosti te skupine učencev ter poznavanje ustreznih prilagoditev pa predstavljata temelj za kakovostno poučevanje te skupine. V procesu pomoči se učitelj trudi, da učencu omogoči raznolike priložnosti za njegov optimalni razvoj. Intervjuvane se v večini zavedajo, da s svojimi odločitvami in načinom poučevanja vplivajo na oblikovanje osebnosti učenca, zato se želijo v primeru učnih težav ustrezno odzivati. Ugotovili smo, da se vloga učitelja v procesu pomoči tej skupini učencev uresničuje v prvih treh stopnjah petstopenjskega modela. Pojavile pa so se razlike med učiteljicami, ki poučujejo v prvem VIO, in tistimi, ki poučujejo v drugem in tretjem VIO. Iz odgovorov učiteljic prvega VIO-ja razberemo, da veliko bolj celostno pristopajo k obravnavi teh učencev, bolj partnersko sodelujejo s starši in bolj posvetovalno s šolsko svetovalno službo kot učiteljice, ki poučujejo v drugem in tretjem vzgojno-izobraževalnem obdobju.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
učne težave
,
učitelj
,
učenci
,
ki počasneje usvajajo znanja
,
petstopenjski model pomoči
Work type:
Master's thesis/paper
Organization:
FF - Faculty of Arts
Year:
2019
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-109598
Publication date in RUL:
06.09.2019
Views:
2082
Downloads:
430
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
The teachers role in the process of helping slow learners
Abstract:
The Master’s thesis addresses the question of teachers’ role in the process of recognition and attention to the group of slow learners who, at the various levels of the five-scale model, are weaker in expanding their knowledge. The theoretical part of the thesis defines general and specific learning difficulties and indicates the fundamental principles of help offered to slow learners. Next, the thesis introduces a particular group of slow learners and provides some advice on the teaching of this group as well as recommends learning accommodations and adaptions. The thesis then focuses on assistance models with the treatment response model mentioned first. The treatment response model is a foundation for the five-scale assistance model. The effective individualised and differentiated teaching is one of the most important teacher’s responsibilities; therefore, the thesis briefly describes the main features of inner differentiation and individuation. The document, which best approaches the process of individuation, presents the original assistance project. The thesis displays its importance for slow learners. The theoretical part ends with the description of teachers’ collaboration with learners, parents and school advisory councils. The empirical part of the thesis contains qualitative research. It provides the analysis of interviews carried out with six teachers. All teachers emphasized the importance of the relationship between teachers and slow learners, while knowledge and understanding of this group help to build a foundation for good teaching. In the process of assisting, the teacher strives to create various opportunities for the learner’s optimal development. In general, the interviewees are aware of the influence their decisions and teaching methods have over the learners’ personality development. When dealing with learning difficulties, they want to react appropriately. The teacher’s role fulfils at first three scales of the five-scale model. However, there are differences between the first, second and third educational period. The teachers of the first educational period seem to have a more holistic approach to the group than the teachers of the second and third period. They act in partnership with parents and collaborate with school advisory council on a consultative basis.
Keywords:
learning difficulties
,
teachers
,
slow learners
,
the five-scale model of assistance
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