Kompleksna dekongestivna terapija po operaciji raka dojke : diplomsko delo

Pajtler, Iva (author), Divjak, Mojca (mentor)

Uvod: Rak dojke je najpogosteje diagnosticiran rak pri ženskah, pojavnost vsako leto narašča. Večina žensk z rakom dojke potrebuje kirurško zdravljenje. Po operaciji raka dojke sta najpogostejša zapleta omejena gibljivost rame in limfedem. Kompleksna dekongestivna terapija (KDT) je fizioterapevtski pristop, ki ima temeljno vlogo pri rehabilitaciji po operaciji raka dojke in preprečuje zaplete in viša kakovost življenja. Večina simptomov limfedema se s KDT lahko izboljša, zmanjša se obseg limfedema in bolečina. Pozitivno učinkuje na delovanje zgornjega uda in mišično moč. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstavitev dokazov o učinkovitosti fizioterapevtske metode KDT pri bolnicah z limfedemom po operaciji raka dojke. Metode dela: Pridobivanje domače in tuje literature z raziskavami, ki dokazujejo učinkovitost fizioterapevtske metode KDT pri bolnicah z limfedemom po operaciji raka dojke. Pridobivanje je bilo opravljeno s pomočjo elektronskih baz podatkov pubMed., Cochrane library in spletnega iskalnika Google Schoolar. Rezultati: Pregled je glede na izbrane kriterije vključeval 7 raziskav, ki so dokazale učinkovitost dekongestivne terapije pri bolnicah z limfedemom po operaciji raka dojke. V eni raziskavi so ugotovili, da se učinki KDT kažejo v zmanjšanju bolečine in izboljšanju kakovosti življenja. V vseh raziskavah so sodelovale preiskovanke ženskega spola, ki so imele limfedem po operaciji raka dojke. Starost je bila v vseh raziskavah najmanj 19 let, prevladujejo preiskovanke v starosti med 52,6 leta in 61 let, imajo limfedem po operaciji raka dojke. Med proučevanimi raziskavami je najkrajša trajala 3 do 4 tedne, najdaljši dve raziskavi pa 1 leto. Razprava in sklep: Ker ni učinkovitega zdravila za zdravljenje limfedema po operaciji raka dojke, se za zdravljenje uporabljajo različne fizioterapevtske tehnike. Težko izpostavimo najprimernejši fizioterapevtski pristop, vendar nam natančen fizioterapevtski pogled na učinke KDT pokaže, da postopki KDT učinkovito vplivajo na zmanjšanje volumna limfedema. Metoda je priznana kot učinkovita nekirurška tehnika za zdravljenje limfedema, ki jo priporoča International Society of Lymphology.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: rak dojke, kompleksna dekongestivna terapija, limfedem po operaciji raka dojke
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109580
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5675115
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Complete decongestive therapy (CDT) after breast cancer surgery : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, the incidence rates increase every year. Most women with breast cancer need surgical treatment. After breast cancer surgery, most common complications are reduced range of motion in the shoulder and lymphedema. Complex decongestive therapy (CDT) is a physiotherapeutic approach that has a fundamental role in rehabilitation after breast cancer surgery and prevents complications and improves quality of life. Most symptoms of lymphedema can improve with CDT, the extent of lymphedema and the pain are reduced. It has a positive effect on the functioning of upper limb and muscle strength. Aim: Aim of the diploma thesis is to present evidence on effectiveness of the CDT physiotherapeutic method in patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. Methods: Obtaining domestic and foreign literature with studies proving the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic method CDT in patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. The literature was obtained through electronic databases PubMed., Cochrane library and the Google Scholar online search engine. Results: Based on the determined criteria, the overview included 7 studies that proved the effectiveness of decongestive therapy in patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. In one study, it was determined that the effects of CDT are exhibited as a reduction in pain and improved quality of life. All studies included women who had lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. Age of the subjects in all studies was at least 19 years, the majority of subjects were between 52.6 and 61 years old, with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. Of all included studies, the shortest lasted 3 to 4 weeks, and two longest studies lasted 1 year. Discussion and conclusion: Since there is no effective drug for treating lymphedema after breast cancer surgery, various physiotherapeutic techniques are being used as a treatment. It is difficult to single out the most appropriate physiotherapeutic approach, however, an accurate physiotherapeutic view of the effects of CDT reveal that the CDT procedures efficiently impact the volume reduction of lymphedema. It is recognized as an effective non-surgical technique for treatment of lymphedema recommended by the International Society of Lymphology.

• Keywords: breast cancer, complex decongestive therapy, lymphedema after breast cancer surgery