Ortotična oskrba psa po poškodbi distalnega dela zadnje okončine : diplomsko delo

Cvelbar, Martina (avtor), Divjak, Mojca (mentor), Erjavec, Vladimira (komentor)

Uvod: O travmatskih oziroma poškodbenih ranah govorimo pri vsaki nasilni prekinitvi celovitosti kože, sluznice ali podkožnih tkiv. Poškodovano okončino pri psu lahko oskrbimo z ortozo. Ortoze so medicinski pripomočki, ki se namestijo na telo, njihov namen pa je podpora, uravnava, spreminjanje položaja, imobiliziranje, preprečevanje in popravljanje deformacij, pomoč oslabelim mišicam ter izboljšanje funkcije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bila ortotična oskrba psa po poškodbi distalnega dela zadnje okončine. Pes poškodovane okončine ni obremenjeval. Z aplikacijo ortoze smo psu omogočili učinkovito hojo in preprečili nadaljnje deformacije distalnega dela zadnje okončine. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo smo napisali na osnovi pregleda strokovne literature, ki je zajemalo postopke izdelave ortoze, po katerih smo izdelali ortozo. K postopku izdelave ortoze je spadala meritev okončine, odvzem mere z mavčenjem, izdelava modela, obdelava modela, izdelava ortoze, preizkus ortoze, končna izdelava in prevzem. Funkcionalnost ortoze smo preverili s prikazom obsežnosti poškodbe, goniometrijo, meritvijo obsega uda, funkcionalno analizo obremenitve, ocenami šepanja, z metodo dveh tehtnic in vprašalnikom. Rezultati: ortozo smo začeli uvajati postopno, prvi teden po 15 minut dnevno, potem pa skozi cel dan. Po enem mesecu uporabe ortoze je pes začel hoditi tekoče, z metodo dveh tehtnic smo ugotovili, da zadnja uda obremenjuje enakomerno, stopnja šepanja pa se je iz ocene 3 izboljšala na 0, kar pomeni da hodi normalno brez šepanja. Stegenska mišica kljub uporabi ortoze ni atrofirala, ortoza pa je uspešno razbremenila distalni del uda, da se je le-ta začel hitreje celiti. Razprava in zaključek: z izdelavo ortoze smo želeli doseči zastavljene cilje, kar nam je na podlagi rezultatov uspelo. Glede na rezultate lahko zaključimo, da je pri živalih tako kot pri ljudeh določene poškodbe okončin možno oskrbeti z ortozami.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: psi, ortoze, anatomija psa, pasje ortoze, pasje opornice, skeletno-mišični sistem psa, pasje okončine, ortopedija za male živali, pasje poškodbe, travma
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109579
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5677163
• Datum objave v RUL: 06.09.2019

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Orthotic management of a dog after injury of distal part of the hind limb : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Traumatic wounds can be defined as any disruption of the integrity of the skin, mucous membrane or subcutaneous tissue. Limb injuries in dogs can be treated with orthoses. Orthoses are medical devices attached to the body in order to support, align, position, immobilise, prevent and correct deformities, assist weak muscles and improve function. Purpose: The thesis deals with the orthotic treatment of a dog following the injury of the distal portion of the hind limb. The treated dog does not put weight on the injured limb. The application of an orthosis would allow the dog to walk well and prevent further deformities of the distal portion of the hind limb. Methods: The thesis was written based on a review of professional literature that describes methods employed in making orthoses and we employed these procedures in making our own orthosis. The process involved measuring the limb, taking the measures using plaster, fabricating and modifying a plaster model, making, testing and completing the orthosis and final delivery. The function of the orthosis was tested by demonstrating the extent of the injury, with goniometry, limb girth measurements, a functional analysis of weight-bearing of the limb, a limp assessment, the dual scales method and a questionnaire. Results: The orthosis was introduced gradually, for 15 minutes a day in the first week and later throughout the day. After a month of wearing the orthosis the dog started to walk fluently and the dual scales method demonstrated that the load was evenly distributed between the hind limbs; the limp improved from the initial rate of 3 to 0, which means the dog can walk normally without limping. There was no thigh muscle atrophy and the orthosis successfully relieved the weight on the distal portion of the limb, allowing it to heal. Discussion and conclusion: The orthosis was made in order to achieve the goals set and the results demonstrated our attempt was successful. Given the results we can conclude that certain injuries, both in people and animals, can be treated with orthoses.

• Ključne besede: dogs, orthoses, dog anatomy, canine orthoses, dog braces, musculoskeletal system in dogs, canine extremities, small animal orthopaedics, dog injuries, trauma