Agriculture depends directly on weather and climatic conditions. It is one of the most vulnerable sectors of the economy, therefore the effective measures to adapt and mitigate climate change are indispensable. Geoengineering is a process of deliberate change and adaptation of the climate with the aim of mitigating climate change. Mitigation of climate change means measures that reduce greenhouse gas emissions or their intensity, or measures that contribute to the exclusion of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. The methods of geoengineering are new and mostly untested, and they involve interference in the climate system in order to mitigate and offset the effects of anthropogenic climate change. This could potentially be done using three methods: the method of removing CO2 from the atmosphere, the method of altering the weather at a local level and the method of limiting solar radiation. This paper provides an overview of the methods for carbon dioxide removal (CDR methods), namely biotic methods: afforestation, use of bioenergy in combination with capture and storage of CO2, use of bio-coal, soil carbonization using rock dust and ocean fertilization to increase CO2 binding, mineralization methods and other abiotic methods: accelerating repercussion, ocean alkalinization, and direct capture of CO2 from the air and its storage. Among presented methods are also methods for reducing CO2 directly on sources of emissions: CCS techniques (methods of capture and storage of CO2) and CCU techniques (methods of capturing and using CO2, e.g. binding to concrete). In addition to the anticipated negative physical effects, for all methods, there is a risk of unexpected and unpredictable consequences and potential social abuses.
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