Pravna ureditev posvojitve po Družinskem zakoniku

Obranovič, Tjaša (author), Novak, Barbara (mentor)

Otroci so najranljivejši subjekt družbe, zato jim je treba nameniti posebno varstvo. To naj bi bilo vsakemu otroku zagotovljeno v njegovi družini. Vendar zaradi različnih vzrokov otroci ne morejo vedno živeti v svoji biološki družini. V tem primeru mora vmes poseči država in otroka zaščititi ter mu zagotoviti odraščanje v urejenem okolju. Za varstvo otrokovih koristi obstajajo različni ukrepi, eden izmed njih je posvojitev. Posvojitev ureja Družinski zakonik, ki je v veljavi od 15. aprila 2019 in je nadomestil Zakon o zakonski zvezi in družinskih razmerjih. Ena izmed novosti, ki jih je uvedel Družinski zakonik, je prenos pristojnosti odločanja o posvojitvah na sodišča. Prej so postopke v celoti vodili centri za socialno delo, ki imajo po novem pristojnost le za podajanje mnenj, ki sodišču pomagajo pri sprejemanju končnih odločitev. Pomembna novost je tudi institut podelitve starševske skrbi sorodniku. S tem institutom je rešena dilema glede posvojitve sorodnika v ravni vrsti oziroma brata ali sestre, ki je v Sloveniji prepovedana. Sorodniku, ki je pripravljen prevzeti vzgojo in varstvo otroka mrtvih staršev, se lahko podeli starševska skrb. Starševska skrb bo sorodniku podeljena le, če bo v skladu z otrokovo koristjo. Pri vseh postopkih, ki zadevajo otroke, je namreč treba upoštevati otrokovo korist, ki je z Družinskim zakonikom povzdignjena na raven načela.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: posvojitev, Družinski zakonik, otrokova korist, starševska skrb
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109116
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16859985
• Publication date in RUL: 22.08.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Legal Arrangement of Adoption According to the Family Code

Abstract

Children, as the most vulnerable part of our society, require special care. This care should be provided for every child in his family. However, due to various reasons children cannot always grow up in their biological families. In order to protect those children and provide them with healthy environment, the state has to intervene. There are many different measures to ensure the best interests of a child. One of those measures is adoption. Since 15 April 2019 adoption is regulated by the Family Code which replaced the Marriage and Family Relations Act. One of the novelties, introduced by the Family Code, is the transfer of competence. Earlier the adoption procedure was led by social work centres. According to the regulations of the Family Code social work centres only have the competence to provide opinions and advice to courts, which are now in charge of adoption procedure. Furthermore, the Family Code incorporated the new institute of granting parental care to a relative. This saved the dilemma of adopting a relative, which is prohibited in Slovenian legal system. Parental care is granted to a relative, who agrees to raise and take care of a child whose parents died. However, parental care can only be granted if it is in accordance with child's benefits. The child's benefit was elevated into a principle by the Family Code and has to be taken into account in all procedures where children are concerned.

• Keywords: adoption, Family Code, child's benefit, parental care