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Človekova avtonomija in odločitve ob koncu življenja
ID Komel, Teja (Author), ID Žnidaršič Skubic, Viktorija (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Magistrsko diplomsko delo obravnava položaj načela človekove avtonomije v medicinski etiki, v povezavi z nekaterimi odločitvami ob koncu življenja. Družbene vrednote težijo k temu, da pri zdravstveni oskrbi pacient v čim večji meri uživa avtonomijo pri odločanju o sebi. Posledično se pojavlja želja po priznanju pravice do smrti (right to die), kot pravice do izbire trenutka in načina lastne smrti. V situacijah, ko se posameznik neizogibno približuje koncu življenja, se postavi vprašanje, ali naj zdravstveno osebje pri oskrbi upošteva voljo pacienta tudi v primeru, ko pacient zahteva prekinitev zdravljenja, ki bi vodilo v predčasno smrt, ali ko zaprosi za aktivno usmrtitev oz. evtanazijo. Stališča evropskih držav so na tem področju različna: večina držav inkriminira vse oblike evtanazije in pomoči pri samomoru. Nekatere države dopuščajo pasivno evtanazijo, tj. odtegnitev oskrbe ali opustitev zdravljenja umirajoče osebe, tri evropske države (Nizozemska, Belgija in Luksemburg) pa so se odločile za legalizacijo aktivne prostovoljne evtanazije. V delu so opisane tri oblike odločitev ob koncu življenja: terapija z dvojnim učinkom, samomor z zdravniško pomočjo in evtanazija, skupaj z glavnimi argumenti v korist in proti njeni legalizaciji. V delu je, preko obravnave nacionalnih pravnih virov, predstavljena veljavna pravna ureditev v Sloveniji, vključno s kazensko zakonodajo, ki inkriminira evtanazijo in pomoč pri samomoru. Nazadnje so obravnavana še temeljna stališča evropskih institucij na temo obsmrtnih odločitev, vključno s tremi sodbami Evropskega sodišča za človekove pravice.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:pacientova avtonomija, evtanazija, zdravniška pomoč pri samomoru, pravica do smrti.
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Year:2019
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-109115 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:16859729 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:22.08.2019
Views:8442
Downloads:461
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Personal autonomy and end-of-life decisions
Abstract:
This Master's thesis focuses on the role of the principle of autonomy in medical ethics regarding certain end-of-life decisions. Social values are gradually leaning towards ensuring that a patient is able to act autonomously when making decisions about his medical treatments. As a consequence, the desire to acknowledge the so called 'right to die' was developed. In circumstances when an individual is dying from a terminal disease, a question arises on whether the physician should respect the patient's will in case he requests withdrawing or withholding of treatment that would eventually lead to death or if he expresses the wish for euthanasia. European countries have different stands on this topic: most of the countries incriminate both euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. In some countries it is legal for the physician to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment on demand. Only three European countries (Netherlands, Belgium and Luxemburg) decided to legalize voluntary active euthanasia. Three forms of end-of life decisions are presented: the principle of double effect, physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia, with some leading arguments both in favour and against its legalisation. With the interpretation of the national legislation, the thesis presents the Slovene legal stand on these end-of-life decisions, including the criminal consequences that apply when performing euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide. The last part consists of a presentation of the viewpoints given by two main European institutions, along with three case-law decisions of the European Court of Human Rights.

Keywords:patient's autonomy, euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, right to die

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