Učinki proprioceptivne vadbe na izboljšanje propriocepcije in funkcije kolenskega sklepa – pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Grkman, Neža (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Palma, Polona (comentor)

Uvod: Sprednja križna vez je najpogosteje poškodovana vez kolenskega sklepa. Sprednja križna vez ne zagotavlja le mehanične stabilnosti, temveč zaradi vsebnosti mehanoreceptorjev prispeva k propriocepciji. Pri pacientih s poškodovano sprednjo križno vezjo je proprioceptivna in živčno-mišična kontrola zmanjšana, zato naj bi vadbeni program po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi vseboval tudi vaje za povečanje proprioceptivnega priliva. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na osnovi pregleda objavljene znanstvene in strokovne literature ugotoviti učinke proprioceptivne vadbe na občutek za položaj in gibanje kolenskega sklepa ter funkcijo kolenskega sklepa pri osebah po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, literatura je bila iskana v angleškem jeziku, v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed in ScienceDirect. Pri iskanju so bile uporabljene naslednje ključne besede in besedne zveze v angleškem jeziku: proprioceptive training effects, proprioceptive exercises effects, effects of proprioceptive program, after ACL reconstruction, after knee surgery, joint position sense. Rezultati: Funkcionalnost kolenskega sklepa se je izboljšala v vseh šestih obravnavanih raziskavah, vendar v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino, statistično pomembno le v eni. Pri meritvi občutka za položaj kolenskega sklepa je do statistično pomembnih izboljšanj znotraj eksperimentalne skupine prišlo le v eni raziskavi (p<0,05). Razprava in zaključek: Po končanem programu zdravljenja proprioceptivna vadba ne daje boljših rezultatov v občutku za položaj kolenskega sklepa, funkcionalnosti kolenskega sklepa ter mišični jakosti fleksorjev in ekstenzorjev kolena v primerjavi z vadbenim programom za izboljšanje mišične zmogljivosti, kar lahko razložimo kot tesno povezavo med vadbenima programoma, saj proprioceptivna vadba posredno vpliva na mišično zmogljivost in obratno.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: učinki proprioceptivne vadbe, proprioceptivne vaje, poškodba sprednje križne vezi, rekonstrukcija sprednje križne vezi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-108938
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5663851
• Publication date in RUL: 09.08.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Proprioceptive training effects on the improvement of proprioception and the function of the knee joint – literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament is the most frequently damaged ligament of the knee joint. The anterior cruciate ligament does not only provide mechanical stability, but also contributes to our proprioception, due to the presence of mechanoreceptors. In patients with injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament, proprioceptive and neuromuscular control is reduced, therefore the exercise programme following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament should also include exercises to increase the proprioceptive inflow. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis was, on the basis of a review of published scientific and professional literature, to determine the effects of proprioceptive exercises on a person’s sense of position and movement of the knee joint, as well as the function of the knee joint following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. Methods: A descriptive method was used, literature in the English language was found in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. When performing a literature search, the following keywords and English expressions were used: proprioceptive training effects, proprioceptive exercises effects, effects of proprioceptive program, after ACL reconstruction, after knee surgery, joint position sense. Results: The functionality of the knee joint improved in all six studies dealt with; however, in comparison with the control group, only one was statistically significant. When measuring the sense of knee joint position, only one study showed statistically significant improvements within the experimental group (p<0.05). Discussion and conclusion: Following the conclusion of the therapy programme, proprioceptive exercises do not result in better results regarding the sense of knee joint position, functionality of the knee joint, and muscle strength in the knee flexors and extensors in comparison with the exercise programme for improving muscle strength, which can be interpreted as the close connection between the exercise programmes, as proprioceptive exercises directly affect muscle performance and vice versa.

• Keywords: proprioceptive training effects, proprioceptive exercises, ACL injury, ACL reconstruction