Vpliv oljčnih listov in tropin na izkoristljivost hranil in energije pri prašičih

Zaverl, Manca (author), Rezar, Vida (mentor), Levart, Alenka (comentor)

Oljčni listi in tropine kot stranski produkt pri proizvodnji olja v naravi v prevelikih količinah predstavljajo ekološki problem, saj zaradi vsebnosti fenolnih spojin lahko zavirajo delovanje mikroorganizmov, prisotnih v okolju. Zaradi spojin, ki jih oljčni listi in tropine vsebujejo, in zaradi njihovih ugodnih učinkov na izkoriščanje hranljivih snovi, bi jih bilo možno uporabiti kot krmilo v prehrani domačih živali. Glavni cilj raziskave je bil preučiti vpliv oljčnih listov in tropin na izkoristljivost hranil in energije pri prašičih. V bilančni poskus je bilo vključenih 24 rastočih prašičev, ki so bili razdeljeni v tri poskusne skupine. Prva skupina je bila kontrolna (Kont), druga je imela v krmo vključenih 7,5 % posušenih oljčnih listov (Listi) in tretja 7,5 % posušenih oljčnih tropin (Tropine). Tekom poskusa smo spremljali zauživanje krme in izločanje hranljivih snovi z blatom in sečem. Rezultati so pokazali, da so oljčni listi v krmnih mešanicah negativno vplivali na dnevni prirast in končno maso živali. Živali, ki so imele v krmi liste ali tropine so slabše prebavljale suho snov, organsko snov in bruto energijo, medtem ko je bila prebavljivost surovih maščob slabša samo pri dodanih listih. Slabša je bila tudi prebavljivost in izkoristljivost surovih beljakovin. Prav tako pa so tropine vplivale na slabšo prebavljivost v nevtralnem detergentu netopne vlaknine in v kislem detergentu netopne vlaknine. Listi so negativno vplivali tudi na prebavljivost Ca in Cu, medtem ko je bila prebavljivost in izkoristljivost Cu slabša tudi v skupini s tropinami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prašiči, prehrana živali, oljčni listi, oljčne tropine, hranila, energija, izkoristljivost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-108723
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4272008
• Publication date in RUL: 14.07.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of olive leaves and pulp on utilization of nutrients and energy in weaner pigs

Abstract

In nature the excessive quantities of olive leaves and cake as by-products in the production of oil represent an ecological problem as they can inhibit the activity of microorganisms present in the environment due to the presence of phenolic compounds. Because of the compounds contained in olive leaves and cake and due to their favorable effects on the utilization of nutrients, they could be used as animal feed. The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of olive leaves and cake on the utilization of nutrients and energy in pigs. 24 growing pigs were included in the balance test and divided into three experimental groups. The first group was a control group (Kont), the diet of the second group was supplemented with 7.5% of dried olive leaves (Listi) and the third group was supplemented with 7.5% of dried olive cake (Tropine). During the experiment we monitored the feed intake and the excretion of nutrients with feaces and urine. The results showed that olive leaves and cake in compound feed adversely affected the daily growth and final weight of the animals. Animals that had leaves or cake in their diet digested dry matter, organic matter and gross energy less efficiently, while crude fat digestion was only worse with the feed containing leaves. Digestion and the utilization of crude protein were also negatively affected. The cake also had negative effects on digestion of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre. Olive leaves had negative effects on the digestion of Ca and Cu, while the digestion and utilization of Cu were also negatively affected in the group with olive cake.

• Keywords: pigs, animal nutrition, olive leaves, olive pulp, nutrients, energy, utilization