Vadba za izboljšanje jakosti mišic spodnjih udov pri pacientih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo : diplomsko delo

Flego, Petra (author), Puh, Urška (mentor), Palma, Polona (comentor)

Uvod: Parkinsonova bolezen povzroča zmanjšanje motoričnih in kognitivnih sposobnosti, ki močno vplivajo na življenje bolnikov ter njihovih družin. Ne farmakološki postopki, kot je na primer telesna vadba, ki lahko zmanjša motnje gibanja, izboljša motorične sposobnosti, kognitivno okvaro in kakovost življenja, so zato pri bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo zelo pomembni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na osnovi pregleda literature analizirati vpliv vadbe proti uporu na izboljšanje mišične jakosti mišic spodnjih udov pri bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo. Metode: Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem jeziku v podatkovnih zbirkah PEDro, PubMED in CINAHL. Pregledane so bile tudi raziskave iz sistematičnega pregleda. Samostojno ali v kombinaciji so bile uporabljene naslednje ključne besede: Parkinson disease, exercise, resistance training, muscle strength, lower limb. Rezultati: Glede na vključitvene in izključitvene kriterije je bilo najdenih deset ustreznih raziskav. V pregledanih raziskavah je bilo trajanje vadbenega programa različno, in sicer od 7 tednov pa vse do 24 tednov. Prav tako se je v pregledanih raziskavah razlikovala tudi dolžina ene vadbene enote, in sicer od najmanj 15 minut do največ 90 minut. Skupno število sodelujočih v vseh desetih raziskavah je znašalo 556 preiskovancev. Jakost mišic spodnjih udov se je statistično pomembno izboljšala v osmih pregledanih raziskavah. Vadba proti uporu je vplivala tudi na izboljšanje telesnih funkcij, gibalnih dejavnosti, kognitivnih okvar in kakovosti življenja ter na zmanjšanje možnosti za padce. Sklep: Vadba proti uporu pri bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo izboljša jakost mišic spodnjih udov. Pozitivno vpliva na nekatere telesne funkcije, kot so funkcije živčevja, mišičja in okostja ter na z gibanjem povezane funkcije. Prav tako pozitivno vpliva na gibalne dejavnosti, kot so ravnotežje, hoja in premičnost. Pod ustreznim nadzorom je vadba proti uporu prijeten, učinkovit in relativno varen način za izboljšanje mišične jakosti pri omenjenih bolnikih.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Parkinsonova bolezen, vadba, vadba proti uporu, mišična jakost, spodnji ud
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-108452
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5649515
• Publication date in RUL: 03.07.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Strength training of lower limb muscles in patients with Parkinson's disease : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease causes reduced motor and cognitive abilities that have a significant impact on the lives of patients and their families. Non-pharmacological procedures, such as exercise, which can reduce movement disturbances, improve motor abilities, cognitive impairment, and quality of life, are therefore very important in patients with Parkinson's disease. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to analyze the impact of resistance training on muscle strength of the lower limbs in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methodology: Literature was searched for in English in the PEDRO, PubMED and CINAHL databases. Studies from a systematic review were also reviewed. The following keywords were used alone or in combination: Parkinson's disease, exercise, resistance training, muscle strength, lower limb. Results: According to inclusion and exclusion criterias, ten relevant studies have been found. In examined studies, the duration of the training program was variable, from 7 weeks to 24 weeks. Likewise, in the examined studies, the length of one exercise unit was different from a minimum of 15 minutes to a maximum of 90 minutes. The total number of participants in all ten studies was 556 participants. The strength of lower limb muscles was statistically significantly improved in eight examined studies. Resistance training improved body functions, movement activities, cognitive impairment and quality of life, and reduced the likelihood of falls. Conclusion: The resistance training improves muscle strength of lower limbs in patients with Parkinson’s disease. It has a positive effect on the functions of the nervous system, the muscles and the skeleton, and the movement related functions. It also has a positive effect on movement activities such as balance, walking and mobility. Under proper supervision, resistance training is a pleasant, effective and relatively safe way to improve muscular strength in these patients.

• Keywords: Parkinson's disease, exercise, resistance training, muscle strength, lower limb