Delo z uporabniki psihoaktivnih substanc znotraj vzgojnih zavodov in stanovanjskih skupin

Antončič, Ema (author), Sande, Matej (mentor)

Magistrsko delo obravnava problematiko dela z uporabniki PAS v vzgojnih zavodih in stanovanjskih skupinah, saj so ti prvotno namenjeni otrokom in mladostnikom s čustvenimi in vedenjskimi motnjami, zato nimajo primernih pristopov za delo z uporabniki PAS. V teoretičnem delu so predstavljeni statistični podatki o uporabi PAS v splošni populaciji in populaciji mladostnikov v vzgojnih zavodih, zakonodaja glede PAS v Sloveniji, vrste uporabe PAS, varovalni dejavniki in dejavniki tveganja. Predstavljene so tudi značilnosti vzgojnih zavodov, njihove populacije in načinov dela v njih. Poleg tega pa so predstavljeni tako splošni načini dela z uporabniki PAS kot tudi delo z uporabniki znotraj zavodov za prestajanje kazni zapora in vzgojnih zavodov v Sloveniji in tujini. Zanimalo me je, kako poteka delo z uporabniki PAS v slovenskih vzgojnih zavodih. Namen empiričnega dela je tako ugotoviti, kako uporaba PAS vpliva na delo v vzgojnih zavodih, kako to delo poteka, kateri so primeri dobre prakse, kako poteka sodelovanje z zunanjimi organizacijami in kakšni so cilji pri delu z uporabniki PAS. S tem želim socialnim pedagogom in drugim strokovnim delavcem približati problematiko dela z uporabniki PAS v vzgojnih zavodih, predstaviti možnosti za sodelovanje z zunanjimi organizacijami in odpreti vprašanje, kako bi se lahko trenutno stanje izboljšalo. Za raziskovanje sem uporabila kvalitativni pristop, pri čemer je bilo v raziskavo vključenih 6 vzgojiteljev iz štirih različnih vzgojnih zavodov in 2 zunanji strokovnjakinji iz organizacij, ki sodelujejo z vzgojnimi zavodi pri delu z uporabniki PAS. Po mnenju intervjuvancev je uporaba PAS pogosta pri mladostnikih v vzgojnih zavodih, vendar vpliva negativno tako na delo s posameznimi mladostniki kot tudi na ostale mladostnike in delo z njimi. Uporabnike PAS obravnavajo na različne načine, vendar je zgolj v enem izmed sodelujočih zavodov vzpostavljen konkreten program za delo. Poleg dela znotraj zavoda je v večini sodelujočih zavodov prisotno tudi sodelovanje z zunanjimi organizacijami, v katerih nudijo individualno ali skupinsko obravnavo, delo z družino ali delo z zaposlenimi. Po mnenju intervjuvancev bi bil idealen cilj pri delu z uporabniki doseganje abstinence, vendar so prisotni tudi drugi cilji kot so zmanjševanje škode, manj tvegana uporaba in pripravljenost mladostnika na življenje izven zavoda. Sicer pa po ugotovitvah raziskave v Sloveniji ni primernega programa za obravnavo mladostnikov, ki so odvisni od PAS.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: droge
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107828
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12439369
• Publication date in RUL: 17.06.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Work with users of psychoactive substances within educational institutions and residential groups

Abstract

This master's thesis addresses the issue of working with PAS users in educational institutions and residential groups, since they are primarily intended for adolescents with emotional and behavioural disorders and thus do not use suitable approaches to work with PAS users. The theoretical part is dedicated to statistical data on the use of PAS among the general population and the population of educational institutions, PAS legislation in Slovenia, the types of PAS use, as well as safety and risk factors. The characteristics of educational institutions, their population and their method of working are also presented. In addition, general methods of working with PAS users are presented, as well as how users within prisons and educational institutions are dealt with in Slovenia and abroad. I was particularly interested in how users of PAS are dealt with in Slovenian educational institutions. The purpose of the empirical part of the thesis is to determine how the use of PAS affects the treatment of adoloscents in educational institutions, how they work with PAS users, what are the examples of good practice, how to work with external organizations, and what are the goals in working with PAS users. My goal is to raise awareness amongst social pedagogues and other professional staff of the issue of working with PAS users in educational institutions, to present opportunities for cooperation with external organizations and to find ways of how the current situation can be improved. I used a qualitative approach in my research, which included 6 educators from four different educational institutions and 2 external experts from organizations collaborating with educational institutions in working with PAS users. According to the interviewees, the use of PAS is common among adolescents in educational institutions. This has a negative impact on working with the youths that use PAS, as well as other adolescents in the institution. The interviewees work with PAS users in educational institutions in different ways, but a concrete work program is set up in only one of the participating institutions. In addition to work within the institution, cooperation with external organizations is also present in most of the participating institutions. The external organizations offer individual or group treatment, work with the family or work with employees of the educational institutions. According to the interviewees, the ideal goal in working with users would be to achieve abstinence, but other goals such as harm reduction, safe use and the readiness of a youth to live outside of the institution are also present. Otherwise, according to the results of the research, there is no suitable program in Slovenia for the treatment of adolescents that are addicted to PAS.

• Keywords: drugs