Lastnosti tkanin za oblazinjeno pohištvo in njihova vizualna predstavitev

Novak, Eva (author), Zupin, Živa (mentor)

Oblikovanje zahtevnih konstrukcij tkanin je s pomočjo CAD sistemov veliko bolj enostavno, kot je bilo včasih. CAD sistemi nam pomagajo pri oblikovanju, načrtovanju, vzorčenju tkanin. CAD sistemi podpirajo računalniško oblikovanje vzorcev, medtem ko CAM sistemi računalniško podpirajo proizvodnjo. CAD sistemi so že tako napredovali, da omogočajo tako 2D kot tudi 3D simulacije tkanin. Poleg tega pa je sama vizualna predstavitev zelo enostavna tudi s pomočjo virtualnih katalogov in 3D predstavitev na konkretnih predmetih, oblačilih in tekstilni notranji opremi. Namen diplomskega dela je prenesti že obstoječe zahtevnejše tkanine v računalniški program za simulacijo tkanin, izdelati simulacije in simulacije tkanine predstaviti na oblazinjenem sedežnem pohištvu. V diplomski nalogi smo izbrali štiri tkanine različne konstrukcije, ena z enim sistemov osnove in votka, eno dvojno tkanino in dve večvotkovni tkanini. Tkaninam smo s pomočjo dekompozicije določili konstrukcijske parametre, izmerili smo barve prej osnove in votka ter izdelali simulacije tkanin s pomočjo CAD sistema Arahne. Izbrane tkanine so bile žakarske, zato smo raporte vzorcev s pomočjo skeniranja prenesli v programa Adobe Illustrator in Adobe Photoshop, kjer smo izrisali slikovno predlogo. Slikovno predlogo smo nato obdelali v ArahPaint programu, da je bila primerna za izdelavo simulacije v ArahWeave programu. Primerjali smo simulacijo ter tkanino. Izdelali smo tudi različne barvne različice simulacij tkanin. V programu ArahDrape smo izdelane simulacije predstavili na oblazinjenem pohištvu. Tkaninam smo izmerili mehanske lastnosti, (pretržno silo in pretržni raztezek, odpornost proti drgnjenju) ter zračno prepustnost. Za tekstilije za oblazinjeno pohištvo je pomembno, kakšne so njihove mehanske lastnosti in odpornost proti drgnjenju, saj so pri uporabi ves čas izpostavljene obremenitvam. Ugotovili smo, da imajo tkanine s flotirajočimi nitmi slabše mehanske lastnosti in so zato neprimerne za uporabo na oblazinjenem pohištvu.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: simulacija tkanin, konstrukcijski parametri, mehanske lastnosti, oblazinjeno pohištvo, 3D vizualizacija.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107803
• Publication date in RUL: 26.05.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Properties of woven fabrics for upholstery and their visual presentation

Abstract

Designing complex woven structures is much easier by the means of CAD systems than it used to be. CAD systems help us design, plan and sample fabrics. CAD systems support computer designing of samples whereas CAM systems support computer manufacturing. CAD systems have made such progress that they enable 2D as well as 3D fabrics simulation. In addition, the visual presentation itself is very simple also through virtual catalogues and 3D presentations on real objects, clothing and textile interior equipment. The purpose of the diploma thesis is to transfer the already existing complex woven fabrics into a computer program for simulation of woven fabrics, to make simulations as well as to present the simulations of woven fabrics on upholstery. For the diploma thesis four woven fabrics of various constructions were selected, namely one with one system of a warp and a weft, one double woven fabric and two multi-layered woven fabrics. By the means of decomposition, constructional parameters of the fabrics were determined, the colours of the warp and weft threads were measured, and realistic simulations of the fabrics using the CAD program Arahne were made. The selected fabrics were jacquards fabrics, this is why the scanned and downloaded reports were processed in Adobe Illustrator and Adobe Photoshop where an image template was created. The image template was then processed in the ArahPaint program so that it was suitable for making a simulation in the ArahWeave program. Finally, we made a comparison of the simulation and the woven fabric. Moreover, various colour versions of the woven fabric simulations were made. We presented the simulations of the woven fabrics, created in in ArahDrape program, on the upholstered furniture. Mechanical properties (breaking force and breaking elongation, abrasion resistance) and air permeability of the woven fabrics were measured. Due to the loads during the constant use of the textiles on the upholstery, it is important to know their mechanical properties and abrasion resistance. It was found out that woven fabrics with flotation threads have worse mechanical properties and are therefore inappropriate for the use on upholstery.

• Keywords: simulation of woven fabrics, construction parameters, mechanical properties, upholstery, 3D visualization.