Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na pojav prekrškov v striktni brezglutenski dieti pri otrocih s celiakijo

Lončarek, Barbara (author), Homan, Matjaž (mentor), Benedik, Evgen (co-mentor)

Vodenje striktne brezglutenske diete je za osebe s celiakijo nujno, a hkrati zaradi različnih dejavnikov lahko tudi precej težavno. V raziskavo, s katero smo želeli identificirati dejavnike, odgovorne za dietne prekrške, smo vključili 61 otrok s celiakijo in vsaj enega izmed njihovih staršev. Vključitveni dejavniki so bili redni kontrolni pregledi med leti 2016 in 2018 na Pediatrični kliniki v Ljubljani ter starost otroka pod 19 let in redna brezglutenska dieta, ki traja najmanj eno leto. V raziskavi smo uporabili dva vprašalnika, prvi je bil oblikovan za otroka s celiakijo, drugi pa za njegovega starša. Statistična analiza, t-test za neodvisne vzorce, je razkril povezavo med starševskim znanjem o celiakiji in brezglutenski dieti ter pojavom dietnega prekrška pri otroku. Ni pa nam uspelo dokazati povezave med različnimi dejavniki, kot so otrokovo znanje o celiakiji in brezglutenski dieti, članstvo v društvu za celiakijo, dohodki in izobrazba staršev, vsakodnevno uživanje obroka izven doma ter število družinskih članov, ki imajo potrjeno diagnozo celiakije, in pojavom dietnega prekrška pri otroku s celiakijo. Na podlagi izvedene raziskave lahko zaključimo, da je najpomembnejši dejavnik, ki pripomore k striktnemu vodenju brezglutenske diete, znanje o celiakiji in brezglutenski dieti. Posledično kot eno izmed strategij za izboljšanje vodenja brezglutenske diete predlagamo izobraževanje bolnikov, zaposlenih v kuhinjah in strežbi ter splošne javnosti o celiakiji in brezglutenski dieti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: celiakija, brezglutenska dieta, otroci, mladostniki, striktna brezglutenska dieta, dietni prekrški
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [B. Lončarek]
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107748
• UDC: 613.24-053.2:641.56:616.34
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5051000
• Publication date in RUL: 22.05.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Factors affecting adherence to a gluten-free diet in children with celiac disease

Abstract

Compliance with a gluten-free (GF) diet is mandatory for patients with coeliac disease. In order to identify factors responsible for diet transgressions, we conducted a study in which 61 children and adolescents with coeliac disease were included. Inclusion criteria were age under 19 years, being at least one year on a GF diet and regular outpatient clinic follow ups between years 2016 and 2018 at the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital in Ljubljana. Two types of questionnaires were used in the study, first one being designed for children with coeliac disease and second one for their parents. Statistically significant correlation between parental knowledge of coeliac disease and GF diet and adherence to GF diet in children was found. However, statistical analysis did not confirm correlation between several other factors, such as children knowledge about coeliac disease and GF diet, membership in coeliac society, level of parental education and family income, meal consumption outside home, family history of coeliac disease and dietary transgressions in children/adolescents with coeliac disease. Based on our results we conclude that education about coeliac disease and GF diet is the main factor influence adherence to strict GF diet. Consequently, one of proposed strategies for better compliance with GF diet could be education of patients, their families, cook chefs and general public about the disease.

• Keywords: coeliac disease, gluten-free diet, children, adolescents, strict gluten-free diet, adherence to a gluten-free diet