Anksioznost in depresivnost mladih na prehodu v odraslost: vloga nesprejemanja negotovosti

Markošek, Eva (author), Zupančič, Maja (mentor)

Prehod v odraslost zaradi svojih razlikovalnih značilnosti, kot so identitetno raziskovanje, nestabilnost, preizkušanje in zaznavanje lastnega razvojnega položaja »nekje vmes« med mladostništvom in odraslostjo, velja za čustveno zapleteno razvojno obdobje, kar se lahko odraža v visoki anksioznosti in depresivnosti, ki je pri mladih na prehodu v odraslost višja kot v kateri koli drugi populaciji odraslih. V magistrski raziskavi sem preučevala nesprejemanje negotovosti kot osebnostno lastnost in dva pripadajoča načina odzivanja na negotovost (dejavno in inhibitorno odzivanje), ki bi poleg demografskih značilnosti in razlikovalnih značilnosti lahko imela pomembno vlogo v anksioznosti in depresivnosti mladih na prehodu v odraslost. V spletni aplikaciji je 436 posameznikov, starih med 19 in 28 let, poročalo o nesprejemanju negotovosti, zaznanih značilnostih prehoda v odraslost ter o pogostosti soočanja z anksiozno in depresivno simptomatiko. Rezultati so pokazali, da je 35 % udeležencev poročalo o čustvenih težavah (tj. zmerno do visoki anksiozni simptomatiki, zmerno do visoki depresivni simtomatiki ali sopojavnosti obeh), pri čemer ni bilo razlik med moškimi in ženskami ter mlajšimi in starejšimi udeleženci. Zveza nesprejemanja negotovosti z zaznano nestabilnostjo obdobja in identitetnim raziskovanjem je bila pozitivna, kot tudi zveza načinov odzivanja na negotovost z zaznano nestabilnostjo ter inhibitornega odzivanja na negotovost z identitetnim raziskovanjem. Rezultati hierarhične regresijske analize so pokazali, da so višjo raven depresivne in anksiozne simptomatike mladih napovedovali nižja izobrazba, več zaznane nestabilnosti razvojnega obdobja in bolj izraženo inhibitorno odzivanje na negotovost, višjo raven anksiozne simptomatike pa nižja raven izobrazbe, več zaznane nestabilnosti na prehodu v odraslost ter oba močneje izražena načina odzivanja na negotovost (inhibitorno in dejavno odzivanje). Izsledke je mogoče uporabiti pri svetovalnem in kliničnem delu z mladimi na prehodu v odraslost, predvsem z vidika razvoja strpnosti do negotovosti in oblikovanja strategij ob soočanju s pritiski in stresom v tem razvojnem obdobju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prehod v odraslost, anksioznost, depresivnost, negotovost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107403
• Publication date in RUL: 11.04.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Anxiety and depression in emerging adulthood: The role of intolerance of uncertainty

Abstract

Emerging adulthood is considered an emotionally complicated developmental stage, due to its defining features of identity exploration, instability, experimentation and feeling in-between, which can result in higher levels of anxiety and depression among emerging adults compared to any other adult population. In my master thesis I focused on intolerance of uncertainty as a dispositional characteristic with two strategies for responding to uncertainty (prospective and inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty) and their potential role in anxiety and depression among emerging adults, along with the influence of demographic characteristics and the aforementioned features on emerging adulthood. 436 participants, aged between 19 and 28, completed an online survey measuring intolerance of uncertainty, their perceived characteristics of emerging adulthood, depression and anxiety symptoms. 35 % of the participants reported emotional problems (moderate or major anxiety symptoms, moderate or major depression symptoms or both). No differences between men and women or younger and older participants were found. The relationships between intolerance of uncertainty and both perceived instability of the developmental stage and identity exploration were positive, as well as the relationships between perceived instability and both strategies for responding to uncertainty. Only inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty positively correlated with identity exploration. Using hierarchical multiple regression, lower education, higher perceived instability and higher inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty were found to predict higher levels of depressive symptoms, whereas lower education, higher perceived instability and both higher inhibitory and prospective intolerance of uncertainty predicted higher levels of anxiety symptoms. The results can be used in counseling and clinical practice with emerging adults, especially in developing greater tolerance of uncertainty and designing coping strategies for dealing with stress and pressure in this developmental stage.

• Keywords: emerging adulthood, anxiety, depression, uncertainty