Izdelava ležišča za eksartikulacijo zapestja s pomočjo laserskega rezalnika : diplomsko delo

Jaklin, Nik (author), Mlakar, Maja (mentor), Burgar, Matej (comentor)

Uvod: Ležišče predstavlja enega izmed najpomembnejših sestavnih delov proteze, saj povezuje krn s protezo. Uspeh pri izdelavi ležišča je odvisen od raznih dejavnikov, kot so telesna funkcija, zdravstveno stanje, osebni in okoljski dejavniki. Izdelava ležišča za eksartikulacijo zapestja lahko predstavlja izziv, saj je krn hruškaste oblike. Za natančen odvzem mere se uporabljajo tudi 3D-skenerji. O uporabi laserskega rezalnika v ortotiki in protetiki do sedaj še niso poročali. Namen: S pomočjo laserskega rezalnika vpeljati moderno tehnologijo in naprave v postopek izdelave proteznih ležišč ter hkrati preizkusiti nov material za izdelavo proteznih ležišč. Metode dela: Raziskovalni del smo razdelili na tri dele: priprava modela, ki je vključevala odvzem mere in izdelavo mavčnega odlitka, računalniška obdelava modela ter izdelava ležišča. Ležišče smo na laserskem rezalniku izrezali iz vezane topolove plošče in ga sestavili po plasteh, ter tako dobili 3D-obliko. Za ovrednotenje udobja izdelanega ležišča s strani uporabnika smo uporabili metodo intervjuja. Rezultati: S pomočjo laserskega rezalnika smo izdelali ležišče iz vezane topolove plošče. Po končani izdelavi smo na ležišče pritrdili komponente funkcionalno mehanske proteze in ga aplicirali na uporabnika. Poskusna namestitev je pokazala, da lahko uporabnik protezo upravlja z enakim naporom kot pri uporabi svoje proteze. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da smo z našim postopkom izdelave ležišča uspeli narediti protezno ležišče, ki je dovolj natančno, trdno in udobno za uporabo v protetične namene. Uporaba novih materialov in sodobne tehnologije lahko poveča kakovost izdelave proteznih ležišč. Z uporabo laserskega rezalnika za izdelavo ležišča smo dokazali, da se naprave, ki do sedaj niso bile uporabljene na področju ortotike in protetike, lahko izkažejo za uporabne in prispevajo k razvoju na tem področju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: proteze za zgornje ude, tipi ležišč, eksartikulacija zapestja, laserski rezalnik, 3D-skener
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-106818
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5596779
• Publication date in RUL: 18.03.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Making a wrist exarticulation socket with help of laser cutter : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Prosthetic socket is one of the most important components of the prosthesis since it connects prosthesis with the stump. Success in the making of a prosthetic socket depends on various factors, such as body function, health status, personal and environmental factors. Creating a socket for wrist exarticulation can be a challenge as the stump has a wider distal end. 3D scanners are also used for precise measurement. The use of laser cutters in orthotic and prosthetics has not been reported yet. Purpose: With the help of a laser cutter, modern technology and devices are introduced into the process of making the prosthetic socket, and at the same time to test new material for making of the prosthetic socket. Methods: The research work was divided into three parts: the preparation of a model, which involved taking of measurement and the production of a plaster cast; computer modeling and making of a prosthetic socket. We cut prosthetic socket parts on a laser cutter from a bonded poplar plate and assembled it in layers, thus getting a 3D shape. In order to evaluate the comfort of the prosthetic socket by the user, we used the interview method. Results: With the help of a laser cutter we made a prosthetic socket from a bonded poplar plate. Upon completion of the work, components of a functional mechanical prosthesis were attached to the socket and applied to the user. A trial installation has shown that the user can operate the prosthesis with the same effort as when using his prosthesis. Discussion and conclusion: We have established that with our manufacturing process of the socket we managed to make a prosthetic socket that is sufficiently precise, solid and comfortable for use in prosthetic applications. The use of new materials and modern technology can increase the quality of the manufacture of prosthetic sockets. With using a laser cutter to create a socket, we have demonstrated that devices that have not been used up to now in the field of orthotics and prosthetics can prove to be useful and contribute to the development in this area.

• Keywords: prosthetics for upper limbs, types of prosthetic socket, wrist exarticulation, laser cutter, 3D-scanner