Nanofiltracija poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinskih smol z namenom zmanjševanja vsebnosti nevarnih snovi

Bregar, Tadej (author), Golobič, Iztok (mentor), Zupančič, Matevž (comentor)

Poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinske (PAE) smole se uporabljajo pri izdelavi različnih vrst papirjev in so namenjene izboljševanju mokre jakosti papirja. Pri proizvodnji PAE smol nastanejo različni klorirani stranski produkti, med katere sodita tudi 1,3-diklor-2-propanol (DCP) in 3-monoklor-propan-1,2-diol (MCPD). Zaradi zmanjševanja vpliva na okolje in potencialne nevarnosti kloriranih stranskih produktov na zdravje ljudi, je v praksi vse večja težnja po proizvodnji tovrstnih smol z nizko vsebnostjo nevarnih stranskih produktov. Za nižanje njihovih koncentracij v obstoječih smolnatih produktih se je v tej magistrski nalogi raziskovalo primernost uporabe membranskih tehnologij. Preko opravljenih diafiltracijskih ciklov PAE smol se je testiralo kompozitne spiralno navite membrane iz različnih filtracijskih razredov: ultrafiltracija, nanofiltracija in reverzna osmoza. Pri tem se je spremljalo stopnjo zadrževanja PAE smol in prepustnost kloriranih stranskih produktov ter istočasno merilo spremembe v permeabilnosti membran. Ugotovljeno je, da je nanofiltracija s premerom por od 150-300 Daltonov najbolj primerna za zniževanje vsebnosti stranskih produktov, reverzna osmoza pa je potencialno primerna za koncentriranje stranskih produktov v permeatu, kar zniža količino odpadne vode. Hkrati je bilo ugotovljeno, da je za razredčevanje PAE smol in spiranje membran najbolj uporabna nakisana voda, s primerljivo kislostjo, kot jo imajo osnovne PAE smole. Na tak način je možno doseči dolge diafiltracijske cikle z minimalnim mašenjem membran, kar bo možno v prihodnje prenesti tudi na večji industrijski nivo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nanofiltracija, poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinske smole, klorirani stranski produkti, diafiltracija, spiralno navite membrane, mašenje membran, stopnja zadrževanja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-105888
• Publication date in RUL: 22.12.2018

BREGAR, Tadej, 2018, Nanofiltracija poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinskih smol z namenom zmanjševanja vsebnosti nevarnih snovi [online]. Master’s thesis. [Accessed 31 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=105888

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Nanofiltration of polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins with the aim of reducing the content of dangerous substances

Abstract

Polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins are used in the manufacture of various paper grades and are intended to improve the wet strength of paper. During their production, various hazardous chlorinated by-products are produced, including 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP) and 3-monochlorpropan-1,2-diol (MCPD). In order to reduce their environmental impact and the associated potential risks on human health, there is a growing need in producing PAE resins with lower concentrations of hazardous by-products. This masters' thesis examined the suitability of membrane technology as a solution in lowering their concentrations in existing resinous products. By performing diafiltrations of PAE resins, different filtration classes of composite spiral wound membranes were tested: ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Membranes’ performance in retaining PAE resins and allowing chlorinated by-products to flow through into the permeate was monitored in parallel with continuous measurements of membrane permeability changes due to fouling. It has been established that nanofiltration with pore sizes from 150-300 Daltons is the most suitable for reducing the content of by-products, meanwhile reverse osmosis is potentially suitable for concentrating them in the obtained permeate, which enables recovery of water for further diafiltration of PAE resins. Additionally, it was found that acidic water with a comparable acidity to PAE resins is the most appropriate for dilution of PAE resins and membrane rinsing. In this way, long diafiltration cycles with minimal membrane fouling can be achieved, which will be brought to a higher industrial level in the future.

• Keywords: nanofiltration, polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins, chlorinated by-products, diafiltration, spiral wound membranes, membrane fouling, retention factor