Vpliv ortopedskih vložkov na stabilnost - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Savič, Sara (author), Lampe, Tomaž (mentor)

Uvod: Stopalo je zelo pomemben del telesa, saj se preko njega prenaša celotna teža. Za normalno držo telesa pa je potrebna tudi stabilnost. K stabilnosti in normalni obliki stopala pripomorejo ortopedski vložki. Le ti so pripomočki, ki pomagajo pri k boljši podpori stopala. Izdelani so iz različnih materialov in na različne načine. Lahko se jih izdela po meri za posameznika ali pa so izdelani serijsko. Pomembno je, da se vložki čim bolj prilegajo stopalu in mu tako nudijo potrebno oporo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pregled literature s področja kako ortopedski vložki vplivajo na stabilnost osebe. Pregledali bomo različne članke na to temo, ter kako se le ti razlikujejo po uporabljeni metodah in testih. Metode dela: Za pisanje diplomskega dela smo uporabili opisno metodo. Članke smo iskali po spletnih podatkovnih bazah s pomočjo ključnih besed. Knjige uporabljene v diplomskem delu so iz knjižnice Zdravstvene fakultete v Ljubljani in knjižnice URI Soča. Iskali smo literaturo v različnih jezikih, to so slovenski, angleški in hrvaški jezik. Iskanje literature je potekalo od marca do maja 2018. Rezultati: Za ugotavljanje ali vložki vplivajo na stabilnost oseb se najpogosteje uporablja stabilometrija. Pri tej se uporablja pritiskovna plošča, ki pripomore k tem, da se lahko izračunajo različni podatki, kot so center mase in velikost podporne plošče. Avtorji so primerjali stabilnost pri uporabi različnih vrst vložkov v primerjavi z neuporabo vložkov. Izvajali so statične in dinamične meritve. Ter primerjali rezultate mlajših in starejših odraslih. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi pregledanih člankov lahko sklepamo, da vložki vplivajo na stabilnost določenih oseb. Največ prebranega gradiva je vključevalo starejšo populacijo. Dokazano je, da vložki pripomorejo h stabilnosti oseb pri starejših odraslih, ter da zmanjšajo možnost padca. Menimo pa, da je to področje še zelo neraziskano in bi bile potrebne še nadaljnje študije.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: ortopedski vložki, ortopedska obutev, stabilnost, materiali, izdelava, stabilometrija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-105123
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5522027
• Publication date in RUL: 27.10.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of insoles on stability - review of literature : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Foot transmits the whole body weight to the ground, therefore is a very important part of the body. To access normal posture we need good stability. We can increase stability and normal form of the foot with orthopedic insoles. Shoe insoles are the most common orthopedic devices that help relieve problems and correct irregularities of the foot. They are made of different materials and in different ways, either individually produced or serial. In order to provide the necessary support to the foot, it is important that shoe insoles fit as close as possible to the foot. Purpose: The purpose of this final thesis was to review the literature on the impact of insoles on the stability of different subjects. Various articles were reviewed and differences in the methods and tests used were described. Methods: To write this final thesis descriptive method was used. A literature review was performed using various online databases and keywords such as: orthopedic insoles, orthopedic footwear, stability, materials, manufacture, stabilometry. The books used are from library of the Faculty of Health Sciences in Ljubljana and the URI Soča library. We searched for literature in Slovenian, English and Croatian language from March to May 2018. Results: Stabilometry is the most commonly used method to determine the effects of insoles on stability of the body. To do so force platforms are used, which help us to describe the center of pressure movements. Studies compared stability with or without insoles by performing static and dynamic measurements also comparing the results of young and elderly. Discussion and conclusion: Based on the literature review, we can conclude that the insoles have some influence on the stability of the body. The most studies included in the literature review observed elderly. They proved that insoles contribute to the stability of the body in older adults and consequently reduce the frequency of falls. Nevertheless, improvements in this field of research are still possible, and further studies are needed.

• Keywords: orthopedic insole, orthopedic footwear, stability, materials, manufacture, stabilometry