Radon in njegovi potomci

Gorenc, Jernej (author), Golli, Bojan (mentor), Bavdek, Gregor (comentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je spoznati radioaktivni plin radon (222¬Rn) s stališča fizikalnih lastnosti, merske metode za merjenje radioaktivnosti v prostoru in izvesti meritve. V teoretičnem delu sta predstavljeni razpadna veriga radona in postopek vzpostavitve ravnovesja med radonom in njegovimi razpadnimi produkti. Razloženi so mehanizmi vstopa radona v okolje in prostor ter kaj vpliva na koncentracijo radona. V merskem delu sta opisani dve metodi za merjenje razpadov alfa v mešanici zraka in metoda za merjenja razpadov beta in gama trdnih razpadnih produktov, ujetih v filtru sesalca. Metoda z alfa-scintilacijsko celico nam da kot rezultat aktivnost alfa mešanice zraka in radona v trenutku, ko je bil ta vzorec odvzet. Merjenje s kontinuirnim merilnikom nam da serijo odčitkov aktivnosti alfa v enournih intervalih. Iz teh podatkov lahko izračunamo povprečno dozo, ki jo prejemamo. Zadnja metoda, s katero merimo aktivnost prašnih delcev na filtru z Geiger-Mullerjevo cevjo (razpadi beta in gama), je najbolj preprosta, oprema pa je mnogo lažje dostopna. Zanima nas, ali je možno s to metodo pridobiti dovolj zanesljivo oceno aktivnosti zaradi prisotnosti radona v zraku.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: radon
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-104333
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12149321
• Publication date in RUL: 09.10.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Radon and its decay products

Abstract

The aim of my thesis is to describe the physical properties of radioactive gas radon (222Rn), to get to know the methods for measuring radioactivity in housesand to preform some typical measurements. In the theoretical part the radon decay chain is described as well as the process of establishing equilibrium between radon and its daughter products. The mechanisms of how radon enters the environment and buildings are explained along with factors that affect the concentration of radon in the air. In the experimental part of the thesis two methods for measuring alpha particles in the air are presented and described as well as a method for measuring beta and gamma particles from solid radon daughter products. With alpha-scintillation cells we measure alpha activity of radon and its decay products at the time the sample was taken. By measuring with continuous alpha particle meter we obtain the information how the activity in the room is changing in time. Using these data we can calculate average dose of radiation in that room. Finally we measure beta and gamma activity of solid radon daughter products that got caught up on the filter of a vacuum cleaner using the Geiger-Muller counter. This is the simplest method for measuring radioactivity in the air. Comparing this method to the method using alpha-scintillation cells we try to find out if they are sufficiently well correlated and assess the reliability of the method.

• Keywords: radon