Od talenta do zaključka športne kariere : diplomsko delo

Belna, Dejan (author), Doupona Topič, Mojca (mentor)

Osnovni namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kaj je talent, kako ga prepoznamo in kateri so najpogostejši vzroki za zaključek športne kariere. Zanimalo me je tudi, zakaj pride do največjega osipa športnikov ravno na prehodu iz mladinske v člansko kategorijo. Osredotočil sem se na tri športe, ki so si med seboj zelo različni: nogomet, gimnastika in plavanje. V uvodnem delu diplomskega dela sem na kratko predstavil pojem šport in njegov pomen v svetu. Osredotočil sem se na vrhunski šport. Za vrhunske dosežke je pomembno, da se s športom začnemo ukvarjati že zelo mladi in da zase izberemo pravi šport. Zato obstajajo različni testi, s katerimi trenerji testirajo mlade športnike. Zanimalo me je, kakšni so ti testi in v kolikšni meri se dejansko uporabljajo. Če je otrok prepoznan kot perspektiven, je pomembno, da ga pravilno in strokovno vodimo ter usmerjamo. V nasprotnem primeru se velikokrat zgodi, da otroka mine volja do športa, njegovi rezultati niso taki, kot si jih je želel, ali pa je pogosto poškodovan. Ker je vzrokov za zaključek kariere veliko, sem želel izvedeti, kateri so najpogostejši. V raziskovalnem delu sem intervjuval tri nekdanje vrhunske športnike, ki se zdaj ukvarjajo s trenerstvom. Menil sem, da mi bodo odgovori teh oseb z njihovim znanjem in izkušnjami pomagali potrditi ali zavreči postavljene hipoteze. Intervjuvanci se ukvarjajo z različnimi športi. O nogometu sem se pogovarjal z nekdanjim slovenskim nogometnim reprezentantom, o plavanju z nekdanjo slovensko plavalko, udeleženko sredozemskih iger, evropskega in svetovnega prvenstva ter olimpijskih iger, in o gimnastiki z nekdanjo ukrajinsko gimnastičarko, ki je dosegala najboljše rezultate na bradlji. Z vsemi sem se srečal osebno, intervjuje posnel in zvočne posnetke nato pretipkal. Ugotovil sem, da se testi za ugotavljanje talenta danes uporabljajo v nekoliko drugačen namen kot včasih. Vse manj je otrok, ki imajo voljo in ljubezen do športa, zato trenerji pri vpisu nimajo možnosti izbire. Načeloma sprejmejo vsakega otroka, testi pa se uporabljajo za to, da se ugotovi, kje ima otrok kakšno rezervo za dosego boljših rezultatov. Športna kariera se velikokrat prehitro zaključi. Ugotovil sem, da so vzroki za zgoden konec kariere pri različnih športih zelo podobni: pritisk staršev, nemotiviranost otrok in poškodbe. Ugotovil sem tudi, da so športniki v večini primerov pripravljeni zaključiti svojo športno pot in da kasneje načeloma niso imeli večjih težav. Morda se v tem v Sloveniji nekoliko razlikujemo od večjih držav, v katerih je slava lahko veliko večja, zato imajo tudi športniki več težav s prilagajanjem na pošportno življenje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: talent, šport, kariera, zaključek kariere, nogomet, plavanje, gimnastika
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103971
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5450417
• Publication date in RUL: 30.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: From talent to the end of the sports career

Abstract

The basic purpose of the diploma was to find out what talent is, how to recognize the talent, and what are the most common reasons for the end of the sports career. I have specifically focused on three sports that are very different from each other. These are football, gymnastics and swimming. I was also interested in why the biggest drop-out occurs at the transition from youth to membership and why. In the introductory part I briefly presented the concept of sport and why it is so important in the world. Because we have focused on top sport, and for the top achievements is important to start doing sport at a very young age and to choose the right sport for ourselves. Because of that there have been various tests with which coaches test young athletes. I was interested in what these tests are and how much are they actually used. In the event that the child is recognized as promising, it is important that we guide and direct child properly and professionally. Otherwise it often happens that the child is not willing to do sports anymore, his results are not on the level they wanted or they are often injured. Since there are many reasons to complete a career, I wanted to find out which ones are the most common. In the research part of the assignment I interviewed three former top athletes who are now involved in coaching. I think that exactly these people have knowledge and experience to answer my questions that will help me confirm or reject my hypotheses. Each of the interviewees derives from his sport. I talked to ex slovenian professional football player about football, I met one of the best ex female swimmer in our area, and I asked ex ukraine gymnastics about gymnastics. Then I typed sound recordings. I have found that talent tests are now used for a slightly different purpose than they used to be. There are less children who have the interest and love of sport and coaches are no longer in a position to choose when enrolling children. In principle they accept every child and the tests are used to determine where they still have some reserve to achieve better results. Sport career is then often too fast finished. We found out that the causes of the early end of the career are very similar in different sports. Parents pressure, lack of motivation and injuries are those factors that end up with many promising careers. I also found that athletes in most cases are willing to finish their sporting career and that later they did not have any major problems. Perhaps this is somehow different in Slovenia, with larger countries where fame can be much bigger athletes have more difficulty adjusting to their post-sport life.

• Keywords: talent, sport, career, end of career, football, swimming, gymnastics