Preučevanje povezovanja različnih nivojev v trofični mreži na primeru škodljivcev strnih žit

Korasa, Žiga (author), Kos, Katarina (mentor)

V raziskavi za diplomsko delo smo v letu 2018 na različnih lokacijah vzorčili škodljivce in njihove naravne sovražnike na žitih. Rezultate vzorčenih škodljivcev, njihovih naravnih sovražnikov in parazitoidov smo tabelarično predstavili. Našli smo dve vrsti žitnih uši – Rhopalosiphum padi in Sitobion avenae, med katerima je bila slednja bolj zastopana. Med naravnimi sovražniki listnih uši smo ugotovili 11 različnih vrst, med katerimi je najbolj zastopan primarni parazitoid Aphidius uzbekistanicus. Med sekundarnimi parazitoidi pa je najbolj pogosta vrsta Pachyneuron muscarum. Poleg uši smo vzorčili še 7 drugih škodljivcev, ter ugotovili njihove naravne sovražnike. Povezave med gostiteljskimi rastlinami, škodljivci, naravnimi sovražniki na več nivojih smo predstavili grafično s pomočjo dveh trofičnih mrež. Prva trofična mreža je bila bolj kompleksna, listne uši pa so bile najbolj pogosto vzorčen škodljivec.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: škodljivci žit, trofična mreža, biotično varstvo, naravni sovražniki, parazitoidi, hiperparazitizem
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [Ž. Korasa]
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103721
• UDC: 633.1:632.7:632.937.1.01(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9042553
• Publication date in RUL: 23.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Interactions among levels in a trophic web of cereal pests

Abstract

In the research done in year 2018, we took samples of cereal pests and their natural enemies on different sample locations in Slovenia. The results of samples of cereal pests, their natural enemies and parasitoids were presented tabulary. Two types of cereal aphids were found in our research – Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi, first one being the more frequent. 11 different natural enemies of cereal aphids were found with parasitoid Aphidius uzbekistanicus being the most frequent one found. Among secondary parasitoids, Pachyneuron muscarum was sampled most frequently. Beside two types of cereal aphids we also found 7 other types of cereal pests. The connections between different trophic levels were presented with the help of two trophic webs – first one represents the results of cereal aphids and their natural enemies and secondary parasitoids. Second trophic web represents the results for other cereal pests and their natural enemies found in our research. The trophic web for cereal aphids was more complex in comparison to the second trophic web.

• Keywords: cereal pests, trophic levels, biological control, natural enemies, parasitoids, hyperparasitism