The human brain is an organ composed of a large number of nerve and glial cells. The functioning of the excitable nerve cells can be influenced by means of electromagnetic stimulation. Stimulation techniques include the deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial stimulation with direct current and optogenetics. Stimulation is used for clinical and research purposes. The thesis presents the cellular structure, the electrical basis of the functioning of nerve cells, the structure of the human nervous system, and the mechanisms of action and the application of four stimulation techniques, including the intended clinical use for a range of different neurological diseases.
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