Primerjava izgub zrnja med dvema žetvenikoma pri žetvi ozimne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.) in ovsa (Avena sativa L.)

Gornik, Nadja (author), Vučajnk, Filip (mentor)

Na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete smo izvedli poljski poskus, v katerem smo primerjali novejši, tehnično bolj dovršen žetvenik Deutz Fahr Ectron, in starejši, tehnično manj izpopolnjen žetvenik Zmaj 133. Poskusna zasnova je bila naključni blok s 3 ponovitvami. Pri obeh žetvenikih smo merili izgube zrnja tako pred, med in po žetvi ozimne pšenice ter ovsa. Poskusno parcelo smo po žetvi plitvo obdelali z vrtavkasto brano in prešteli število vzniklih rastlin po treh tednih. Pri novejšem žetveniku smo pri ozimni pšenici ugotovili večji odstotek skupnih izgub (5,1 %) kot pri starejšem žetveniku (3 %) predvsem zaradi višjega odstotka zdrobljenih zrn v zalogovniku. Kljub temu je bilo pri starejšem žetveniku bistveno večje število vzniklih rastlin ozimne pšenice na ¼ m2 kot pri novejšem žetveniku. Zaradi teh izgub je bil pridelek pšeničnega zrnja pri starejšem žetveniku precej manjši (6,6 t/ha) kot pri novejšem žetveniku (7,6 t/ha). Pri žetvi ovsa so bile skupne izgube pri obeh žetvenikih podobne (1,9 % oz. 2,3 %). Tudi tukaj je bilo število vzniklih rastlin na ¼ m2 precej višje pri starejšem žetveniku (211), medtem ko pri novejšem žetveniku le 29. Zato je znašal pridelek zrnja ovsa pri žetvi z žetvenikom Zmaj 133 le 5,2 t/ha, medtem ko pri žetveniku Deutz Fahr Ectron kar 7,6 t/ha.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kmetijski stroji, žetvenik, izgube zrnja, ozimna pšenica, oves
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [N. Gornik]
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103064
• UDC: 631.354:631.55(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9038969
• Publication date in RUL: 13.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of grain losses between two grain combines during harvesting of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.))

Abstract

Field trial was carried out on the Laboratory field of Biotechnical Faculty comparing modern, technically improved combine harvester Deutz Fahr Ectron with older type Zmaj 133. Random blocks with 3 repetitions were made. Before, during and after harvesting winter wheat and oats grain losses were measured regarding both combine harvesters. After harvest the trial unit was shallowly cultivated using rotary harrow and the number of emerged plants was counted after three weeks. By technically improved combine harvester higher percentage of common grain losses was detected (5.1%) as by older type (3 %) due to higher percentage of crushed grain in the tank. In spite of that significantly higher number of emerged plants on ¼ m2 of winter wheat appeared using older combine harvester. Because of these grain losses the grain yield by older type of combine harvester was much lower (6.6 t/ha) as by modern combine harvester (7.6 t/ha). Similar grain losses between two types of combine harvester were determined during harvesting oats (1.9% and 2.3%). Also in this case the number of emerged plants on 1/4 m2 after harvest with older type of combine harvester (211) was much higher as by modern type (29). For this reason grain yield of oats after harvest with older type Zmaj 133 was only 5.2 t/ha, while by modern harvester Deutz Fahr Ectron it reached 7.6 t/ha.

• Keywords: agricultural machinery, combine, grain losses, winter wheat, oats