Introduction: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract are common anomalies which are frequently detected prenatally through ultrasound screening. They are the result of various disorders in the development of the kidney and urinary tract. The clinical picture and treatment vary according to individual anomaly. They represent a group of diseases with different degrees of severity and are the most common cause of chronic kidney failure in children. They require a multidisciplinary approach and a midwife is also involved in treatment. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to present the types of disorders in the development of the kidney and urinary tract and to present the role of midwife in treating a newborn with congenital anomaly and his parents. Methods: Descriptive method of work was used to find and evaluate academic literature. Discussion and conclusion: Reviewing the literature we discovered that the midwife must have a lot of knowledge and practical skills in order to offer quality treatment. The main roles of the midwife are observation of a child, carrying out appropriate midwifery treatment, participation in diagnostic procedures, health–educational work with parents, assistance in connecting the child and the parents, encouraging rooming-in during hospitalization and providing psychological support.
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