Sporazum o odpovedi neuvedenemu dedovanju

Čebokli, Meta (author), Žnidaršič Skubic, Viktorija (mentor)

Sporazum o odpovedi neuvedenemu dedovanju je dvostranski pravni posel, s katerim se oseba vnaprej odpove dedni pravici, ki bi jo sicer pridobila s sopogodbenikovo smrtjo oziroma z uvedbo dedovanja. Ker je predmet tega sporazuma bodoča dediščina, natančneje, odpoved bodoči oziroma pričakovani dediščini, ga opredeljujemo kot negativno dednopravno pogodbo. V slovenskem pravnem redu je to edina dopustna dednopravna pogodba v ožjem smislu. Na eni strani predstavlja izjemo od pravila, da nihče ne more razpolagati z dediščino, ki se je nadeja in se zato tudi ne more pričakovani dediščini odpovedati. Po drugi strani predstavlja tudi izjemo od pravila, da zapustnik ne more pogodbeno razpolagati s premoženjem, ki ga bo imel ob smrti, kajti soglašanje z odpovedjo pomeni takšno razpolaganje. Namen sklenitve tovrstnega sporazuma je bolj zanesljivo oporočno razpolaganje zapustnika v korist tretjih oziroma, v primeru dedovanja na podlagi zakona, povečanje zakonitih dednih deležev preostalih dedičev. Za osebo, ki se je dedovanju po zapustniku odpovedala, se namreč šteje, da je umrla pred zapustnikom. Posledice odpovedi se praviloma raztezajo tudi na njene potomce, tako da je iz kroga oseb, ki so poklicane k dedovanju po zapustniku, izključena celotna linija. Zadnja novela Zakona o dedovanju (ZD-C) iz leta 2016 se je, med drugim, dotaknila tudi sporazuma in krog strank, ki ga lahko veljavno sklenejo, razširila. V magistrskem diplomskem delu je navedeni institut dednega prava podrobno predstavljen. Uvodna opredelitev dednopravnih pogodb ga uvrsti v sistem in prikaže razmerje z drugimi dednopravnimi pogodbami. Poleg zakonske ureditve in nespornih stališč teorije delo vključuje tudi prakso slovenskih sodišč, pregled nerešenih vprašanj, ki so posledica pomanjkljive sistemske ureditve, predstavitev nemške in avstrijske ureditve ter konkretne predloge, kako naj bi institut bil urejen v prihodnje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sporazum o odpovedi neuvedenemu dedovanju, odpoved dediščini, dednopravne pogodbe, register sporazumov o odpovedi neuvedenemu dedovanju
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101910
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16247377
• Publication date in RUL: 13.07.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Agreement on the renunciation of inheritance

Abstract

Agreement on the renunciation of inheritance is a prearranged bilateral legal transaction where an heir renounces its right of inheritance from the person the inheritance is expected. This is a negative form of inheritance contract since the heir is giving up what would end up becoming his heritage. In Slovenian law system that is the only permissible contact of inheritance in the narrower sense of those contracts. The rule of exception is presented that no one is at the disposal of the future heritage and therefore can not manipulate with it. Moreover, it also represents the rule of exception that the future deceased can not make a contractual disposition of property upon death, since agreeing to this transaction already does that. Intent of entering into this agreement is in more reliable testamentary disposal of the testator or, in the case of intestate succession, in increase of the shares of other heirs. It is perceived as if the renouncing person is no longer alive at the time of death of the deceased. The consequences of this transaction usually fall on the heir’s descendants therefore they as well are excluded from the right to inheritance. The last Inheritance Amendment Act (ZD-C) from the year 2016 had also addressed the agreement for the party being able to sign the contract, to be expended. In Master's Thesis the agreement on the renunciation of inheritance is thoroughly presented. It displays the agreement in the spectrum of contracts of inheritance as well as the relationship with other contracts. From the law regulations and indisputable theory viewpoints, the thesis also exploits the practices of Slovenian courts, unresolved questions consequential to deficient systemic regulation as well as thoughts and suggestions how the institute should be constructed and provides insight at German and Austrian order.

• Keywords: agreement on the renunciation of inheritance, waiver of the succession, contracts of inheritance, register of agreements on the renunciation of inheritance