Introduction: Malpresentations of the fetal head are all head presentations other than vertex. They occur due to extension of the fetal head. There are sinciput, brow and face presentation. They are associated with a difficult labour and an increased risk of operative intervention. A midwive has an important role in determining a presentation and recording labour. Purpose: The purpose of diploma work was to determine, how often malpresentations of the fetal head occur in labour, what are the outcomes of labour and possible complications of labour for mother and child. Methods: In this diploma work desciptive method with systematic literature review was used. We searched for a time frame from 2006 to 2017. Literature was searched in English language with keywords malpresentation of the fetal head AND sinciput presentation AND brow presentation AND face presentation AND cesarean section, in the databases CINAHL, Cochraine Library, ScienceDirect, Springer Link and COBIB.SI. We included 9 articles in the analysis. We also rewieved the birth data for the area of Slovenia in year 2016 from the database Perinatalnega informacijskega sistema. Results: The incidence of face presentation in Slovenia for 2016 was 0,07 %, the incidence of brow presentation in Slovenia for 2016 was 0,16 % and the incidence of sinciput presentation in Slovenia in 2016 was 1,67 %. The frequency of cesarean section during labour was higher for infants born in malpresentations of the fetal head compared with vertex presentation. Maternal complication was postpartum haemorrhage in relation to atonic uterus or retained placenta. The incidence of Apgar score at five minutes <7, prematurity and low birth weight <2500 g was higher for infants born in malpresentation of the fetal head compared with those born in vertex presentation. Discussion and conclusion: Malpresentations of the fetal head are rare but can occur maternal and neonatal morbidity. Vaginal delivery is possible in many cases, but intervention or operative birth become necessary when malpresentation persist and labour fails to progress.
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