Učinki telesne dejavnosti na kvaliteto življenja starostnika : pregled literature

Okršlar, Kaja (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor)

Uvod: V zadnjih 50 letih se je število starejših odraslih nad 70 let potrojilo in do leta 2030 lahko pričakujemo, da bo ta skupina predstavljala kar 25% celotne svetovne populacije. Glavne posledice procesa staranja so postopno poslabšanje telesne pripravljenosti, več omejitev pri vsakodnevnih dejavnostih in povečan sedeč način življenja, kar se kaže v zmanjšani samostojnosti, kroničnih boleznih in slabši kakovosti življenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na podlagi pregleda strokovne literature ugotoviti, kakšni so učinki telesne dejavnosti na kvaliteto življenja starostnikov, in pri kateri vadbi so najbolj opazni. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo preko elektronskih baz podatkov MEDLINE, PubMed, COBISS, DiKul, ScienceDirect in Cochrane Library, v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku, ki je bila objavljena med leti 2008 in 2018. Rezultati: Glede na vključitvene kriterije je bilo za pregled literature izbranih osem študij, ki so pokazale bistveno izboljšanje kvalitete življenja starejših po sodelovanju v različnih vadbah in zadostni količini telesne dejavnosti glede na smernice. Razprava in sklep: Kakovost življenja starostnikov se je pomembno izboljšala ob dolgotrajni telesni dejavnosti nizke do srednje intenzivnosti, saj se je izboljšala splošna telesna pripravljenost, vsakodnevno funkcioniranje in zdravstveno stanje, pojavili so se pozitivni občutki samozavesti, samoveljave in samostojnosti, hkrati pa so se zmanjšali občutki nezadovoljstva in nezmožnosti, zato bi morali na vseh nivojih zdravstvenega varstva opozarjati in promovirati aktiven način življenja v starosti ter s tem zagotoviti optimalno in zdravo staranje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kakovost življenja, telesna vadba, starejši
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101569
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5443435
• Publication date in RUL: 16.06.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of physical activity on quality of life of older adult : literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Over the past 50 years, the number of older adults over 70 years has tripled therefore it is expected that by 2030 it will represent almost 25% of the world's population. The main consequences of the aging process are progressive decline of physical fitness, more limitation regarding daily activities and increased sedentary lifestyle which can reflect in reduced autonomy, chronic diseases and poor quality of life. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to determine the effects of physical activity on quality of life of the elderly and to establish the most effective exercise type, based on a literature review. Methods: The literature was searched over electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, COBISS, DiKul, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library in English and Slovenian language and published between years 2008 and 2018. Results: Based on the inclusion criteria, eight studies were selected for the literature review which showed a significant improvement in quality of life of the elderly after participating in various training and exercise programmes and after sufficient amount of physical activity as noted in the guidelines. Discussion and conclusion: The quality of life of the elderly has improved significantly when participating in long-lasting physical activity of low to medium intensity as general fitness, daily functioning and health status have improved, positive feelings of self-esteem, self-worth and autonomy have enhanced, and the discontent and limitation have reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to promote active lifestyle for older adults at all levels of health care and thus ensure optimal and healthy aging.

• Keywords: quality of life, physical exercise, elderly